Timeline of Canadian elections
This article provides a timeline of elections in Canada, including all the provincial, territorial and federal elections. The information starts from when each province was formed or entered the Confederation, and continues through to the present day.
Contents
About the tables
The background colour indicates which party won the election. Several provinces held elections before joining Canada, but only their post-Confederation elections are shown. These include:
- Ontario's first 13 elections as Upper Canada, from 1792 to 1840;
- Quebec's first 15 elections as Lower Canada, from 1792 to 1840;
- the 8 joint elections of Ontario and Quebec as the Province of Canada, from 1840 to Confederation;
- New Brunswick's first 21 elections, beginning in 1785 (the 21st Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick was elected in 1866, one year before Confederation, and continued until 1870, three years after Confederation);
- Nova Scotia's first 22 elections, beginning in 1758;
- Prince Edward Island's first 25 elections, beginning in 1773; and
- Newfoundland's first 29 elections, beginning in 1832.
The most recent election is shown with a box limited to five years of government, as this is the maximum length of office, as set by the constitution. However, elections can be called at any time by an incumbent government. The federal government, nine provinces, and one territory have changed to fixed election dates every four years. For these legislatures, the box is shown as running until the next scheduled election, but one could still be earlier if the government falls due to a motion of no confidence. Nova Scotia, Yukon and Nunavut do not have fixed election dates in this matter.
1867 - 1897
Year | BC | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NT | Federal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1867 | 1st [A] |
1st | 1st * | 1st | 1st | |||||
1868 | ||||||||||
1869 | ||||||||||
1870 | 1st | 2nd | (Temp. Council) |
|||||||
1871 | 1st | 2nd | 2nd | 2nd | ||||||
1872 | 2nd | |||||||||
1873 | 26th | |||||||||
1874 | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | 3rd | ||||||
1875 | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | |||||||
1876 | 27th | (First Council) |
||||||||
1877 | ||||||||||
1878 | 3rd | 3rd | 4th [B] |
4th | 4th | 4th | ||||
1879 | 4th | 4th | 28th | |||||||
1880 | ||||||||||
1881 | 5th | |||||||||
1882 | 4th | 5th | 5th | 29th | 5th | |||||
1883 | 5th | 5th | ||||||||
1884 | ||||||||||
1885 | ||||||||||
1886 | 5th | 6th | 6th | 6th | 6th | 6th | 30th | |||
1887 | 6th | |||||||||
1888 | 7th | 1st | ||||||||
1889 | ||||||||||
1890 | 6th | 7th | 7th | 7th | 7th | 31st [C] |
||||
1891 | 2nd | 7th | ||||||||
1892 | 8th | 8th | 8th | |||||||
1893 | 32nd | |||||||||
1894 | 7th | 8th | 8th | 3rd | ||||||
1895 | 9th | |||||||||
1896 | 9th | 8th | ||||||||
1897 | 9th | 9th | 33rd |
Year | BC | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NT | Federal |
---|
1898 - 1948
Year | BC | AB | SK | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | YU | NT | Federal |
---|
1949 - 1998
Year | BC | AB | SK | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NF | YU | NT | Federal |
---|
1999 - present
Year | BC | AB | SK | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NL | YU | NT | NU | Federal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 24th | 37th | 37th | 34th | 35th | 45th | 19th | 1st | |||||||
2000 | 61st | 34th | 37th | ||||||||||||
2001 | 37th | 25th | |||||||||||||
2002 | 35th | ||||||||||||||
2003 | 25th | 38th | 38th | 37th | 35th | 36th | 62nd | 46th | 20th | ||||||
2004 | 26th | 2nd | 38th | ||||||||||||
2005 | 38th | ||||||||||||||
2006 | 36th | 37th | 36th | 39th | |||||||||||
2007 | 26th | 39th | 39th | 38th | 63rd | 47th | 21st | ||||||||
2008 | 27th | 39th | 3rd | 40th | |||||||||||
2009 | 39th | 38th | |||||||||||||
2010 | 37th | ||||||||||||||
2011 | 27th | 40th | 40th | 64th | 48th | 37th [H] |
22nd | 41st | |||||||
2012 | 28th | 40th | |||||||||||||
2013 | 40th | 39th [H] |
4th [H] |
||||||||||||
2014 | 41st | 41st | 38th | ||||||||||||
2015 | 29th | 65th | 49th | 23rd | 42nd | ||||||||||
2016 | next | next | next | ||||||||||||
2017 | next | ||||||||||||||
2018 | next | next | next | next | next | ||||||||||
2019 | next | next | next | next | next |
Year | BC | AB | SK | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NL | YU | NT | NU | Federal |
---|
Notes
- A Coalition between Conservative and Liberal parties (who won 41 out of 82 seats each).
- B Power went back and forth a few times surrounding the 1878 election. For most of that legislature, the Liberals controlled a minority parliament with the support of some Conservative members.
- C Conservative and Liberal parties won 15 seats each (out of 30).
- D Although Yukon was created in 1898, the Territorial Council was wholly appointed from 1898 to 1900.
- E The Conservative party won the most seats, but the Liberal party maintained power with support from the Progressive party without forming an official coalition. Partway through the 15th Parliament the Conservative Party took control of government, but was not able to obtain the confidence of the House. See King–Byng Affair.
- F The Liberal party won the most seats, but lost a motion of no-confidence shortly after the election resulting in a coalition between the Conservative and Progressive parties.
- G Coalition between Liberal and Conservative parties.
- H The province and territories without fixed election dates are shown with a box limited to five years of government, as this is the maximum length of office, as set by the constitution.
Summary
The table below shows how many elections each party has won in each province and territory. Nunavut and the Northwest Territories use consensus government, which means there are no political parties. Of forty-two federal elections, twenty-three have been won by the Liberals, and eighteen by a conservative party.
Party | BC | AB | SK | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NL | YU | NT | NU | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | 9 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 17 | 24 | 12 | 25 | 23 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 147 | |
(Progressive) Conservative | 5 | 12 | 2 | 16 | 21 | 5 | 9 | 14 | 16 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 112 | |
Non-partisan | 9 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 16* | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 22 | 4 | 81 | |
NDP | 3 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 24 | |
Social Credit | 11 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
Coalition | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | |
United Farmers | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | |
Union Nationale | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | |
Parti Québécois | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | |
CCF | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | |
Yukon Party | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | 4 | |
Saskatchewan Party | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | |
Total | 40 | 29 | 27 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 37 | 39 | 40 | 20 | 37 | 23 | 4 | 418 |
* Although the 1st New Brunswick election is shown in the main table, it took place a year before New Brunswick entered the Canadian Confederation. As such it was not a Canadian election, and is thus excluded from this table.
See also
- List of Canadian federal general elections
- Canadian electoral calendar
- List of elections in the Province of Canada (pre-Confederation)
- List of federal by-elections in Canada
References
- British Columbia
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- Alberta
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- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Saskatchewan
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Manitoba
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Ontario
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Quebec
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- New Brunswick
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (results back to 1956)
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Nova Scotia
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Prince Edward Island
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Newfoundland and Labrador
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- Yukon
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (Results back to 1974)
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (Dates of all elections)
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (Non-partisan nature of Legislative Assembly before 1974)
- Northwest Territories
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- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (1951 to date)
- Nunavut
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- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Federal
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External links
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