Karen Bramson

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Karen Bramson
Born Karen Adler
(1875-08-10)August 10, 1875
Tårbæk, Denmark
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Paris, France
Resting place the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris
Occupation Author
Language Danish and French
Nationality Danish
Notable awards <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
Légion d'honneur
1827 Officier

Tagea Brandt Rejselegat
1934
Spouse Dr. Louis Bramson
Children Mogens Bramson
Relatives <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
Vera Stanley Alder (niece)

Niels Bohr (third cousin)
Signature File:Karen Bramson signature2.JPG
File:Père-Lachaise - Division 87 - Columbarium 1062.jpg
Karen Bramson's grave at the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris

Karen Bramson (née Adler; born 10 August 1875 in Tårbæk, Denmark and died 27 January 1936 in Paris, France) was a Danish author who wrote novels and plays mostly in Danish or French although many of her writings have been translated into English.

Bramson spent her early life in Denmark and her later life in France. She was awarded the Légion d'honneur for her work during the First World War and for her contributions to French literature.

Early life in Denmark

Karen Adler was born on August 10, 1875, in Tårbæk, Denmark with parents Julius Frederick Adler a wealthy cigar merchant in Copenhagen and Dorothea (Thea) Monies[1] a second cousin of the physicist Niels Bohr.[2] She had several siblings, one of which was her elder brother, David Julius Adler. Karen was apparently a better writer than David, because she would sometimes write David Adler's school essays for him. Karen Adler started writing plays at the age of 12 and at 14, had a play in two acts - "Veninder" (Girlfriends) and "I pension for unge piger" (In a boarding house for young girls) - accepted at the Folketeatret (People's Theatre) in Copenhagen for a fee of 200 Danish Kroner.[3] She had insisted that she should remain anonymous, but the theatre director could not resist giving her name to the local newspaper. Karen hurriedly withdrew her play and refunded the fee to avoid scandal and her father's wrath, for in 1890s Copenhagen, it was unheard of for a young lady of her class to attract such publicity and get paid for writing a play.[4] In 1893, at the age of 17, Karen Adler married Louis Bramson (b. 1861 - d 1952). Louis, like Karen, came from a relatively prosperous Danish family, was a doctor and was 15 years older than Karen.[1] In 1895 they had a son, Mogens Bramson. Karen Bramson continued to write and made her début in print with the two plays "Den unge Frue. Mands Vilje" (The young lady - Man's Will) published in 1900 and performed in 1907[5] at the People's Theatre in Copenahgen.

In 1904, Karen and Louis Bramson built a country mansion which they called Solgården (Sun Yard) near the sea in Strøby Egede, Stevns Municipality just south of Copenhagen.[6] They invited artists from different parts of Europe and held plays on a stage they had built there.[7] King Frederick VIII of Denmark is said to have stayed there in 1911 and, in commemoration, is said to have presented Karen with four marble statues of eagles which were placed on the corners of a tower in the building.[8][9][10]

In 1912, Karen Bramson was elected a councillor of Copenhagen Municipality but declined, preferring to concentrate on writing.[11] In 1914, Karen Bramson left Denmark and moved to France in a personal protest against Denmark remaining neutral during the World War I. She was to spend the rest of her life in France.[9]

Literary career in France

After Karen Bramson settled permanently in Paris, France at the beginning of the First World War, she wrote mostly in French. During the war, she was attached to the press department of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which tried to create international awareness of the country's situation. Bramson was an enthusiastic writer and propagandist for the French cause and tried to help the plight of French prisoners of war in Germany.[12][13] She was awarded the rank of Chevalier in the Légion d'honneur in 1917 for the work she did during the First World War.[1]

After the war, her greatest triumph was the performance in 1923 of her play “Le Professeur Klenow” at the Theatre de l'Odeon in Paris[14] with actor Poul Reumert in the lead role.[15] Later in 1923 there was a reworked version of her 1902 play, "Den Stærkeste“ (The Strongest), as guest performance at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen. Shortly before, at the same theatre, her play “De evige Fjender" (The Eternal Enemies) with Reumert and the actress Bodil Ipsen in the lead roles met with limited success. However, in 1924 the same play translated into English with the title “Tigercats” and starring Edith Evans[16] and Robert Loraine[17][18] was performed at the Garrick Theatre and then the Royal Strand Theatre in London, where it was much more successful and ran for 116 performances.[19] "Tigercats", directed by David Belasco also ran for 48 performances in the Belasco Theatre on Broadway in New York with Katharine Cornell[20] and Lorraine in the lead roles.[21] Other plays by Karen Bramson performed in England about this time were "Medusa", "The Godless", "The Enchantress", "The Man they Buried…" and "The Tower of Babel".[19][22] In 1925 she was the first foreign female author to have a play accepted at the Comédie-Française in Paris.[23] She was made an Officier in the Légion d'honneur in 1927 because of her contributions to French literature and plays.[24] In 1934 she also received the Tagea Brandt Rejselegat Danish award. Karen Bramson was known in fashionable circles in Paris had a reputation for being a brilliant hostess inviting artists, diplomats and politicians to receptions in her house. For example, she was friends with the poet and diplomat Saint-John Perse (who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature), the diplomat Philippe Berthelot, his wife Hélène[3] and the French politician Louis Barthou.[25] Despite her versatile talents, her literary ambitions and a life in the media spotlight, her inner personality was mostly hidden. She disliked giving interviews and was reticent about divulging details of her personal life.[4]

Final years and Death

In her final years she retired from public life and studied spiritualism. She had always loved a cosmopolitan life and travelled throughout Europe staying in various hotels before dying in 1936 of a cerebral hemorrhage[26] in a hotel room in Paris.[27] Her ashes were buried at the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris.[28]

Reception and legacy

Her first plays ("The Young Lady", "Man's Will" in 1900 and "Mothers" in 1901 ) have been described as focussing on the oppression women suffer in marriage and she often explored themes of interpersonal relationships and the battle of the sexes. Deadly love and female masochist tendencies have also been mentioned by reviewers.[1] One newspaper review of her play "Tiger Cats" noted the London audience "...consisting mainly of middle-aged, unmarried women cheered wildly these scenes of sadism."[29] She has also been described as a feminist[11] and a writer of science fiction in the near future.[30] In 1932 she was regarded by some critics as "the most significant figure in Nordic literature since Ibsens time."[31]

Bramson's family

Karen Bramson and her husband Louis Bramson had one son Mogens Louis Bramson[32] After 1914, she lived apart from her husband, but had a friendly relationship with him throughout her life. She adored her son Mogens, who was a pilot[32] and aviation engineering consultant. Mogens Bramson lived much of his life in England and played a crucial role in helping Frank Whittle develop the worlds first jet engine.[33] Later in his life Mogens moved to California, USA where he invented a heart lung machine.[34] One source says Karen Bramson's older sister Olga married the Russian Prince Vladimir Orloff.[2][35] Karen's brother David Julius Adler was the father of the author and painter Vera Stanley Alder.

List of works

  • Den unge Frue. Mands Vilje (The Young Lady. Man’s Will; 1900, two plays in Danish published together,[36])
  • Mødre (Mothers; 1901, play[37] translated from Danish into German[38])
  • Den Stærkeste (The Strongest; 1902, play translated from Danish into English as Professor Klenov,[39] into French[15][40] and Arabic.[41])
  • Det lyriska versdramat Berengaria, Dronning af Danmark (Berengaria, Queen of Denmark, in lyrical verse; 1904, play in Danish[42])
  • Livets Glæde (Life's Joy; 1905,[43] translated from Danish into Finnish[44])
  • Vore Kælebørn (skrevet af et af dem) (Our Pet Children (written by one of them); 1905, play four acts in Danish[45])
  • Dr Morel (1906, novel, translated from Danish into English as The Case of Dr. Morel,[46] into French,[47] Russian[48] and Bulgarian[49])
  • Pengene (The Money; 1908, novel in Danish[50]),
  • Ærtehalm (Peas in a Pod; 1909, play in Danish by Karen Bramson and Gustav Wied[51])
  • Lykke (Happiness; 1910, in Danish[52])
  • samt Kongemagt (The King; 1911, play[53] translated from Danish into German and Russian[54])
  • Mennesker af vor Tid (People of our Time; 1916, novel[55] translated from Danish into French by Karen Bramson as Une femme libre[56])
  • Det store Drama (The Great Drama; 1922,[57] translated from Danish into French as Parmi les hommes)
  • De evige Fjender(The Eternal Enemies; 1923, play translated from Danish into English as Tiger Cats and into French as les félines[19][21])
  • Des yeux qui s'ouvrent (Eyes that Open; 1925, play in French[15])
  • The Godless (1925 play translated into English[19])
  • Le dictateur (The Dictator; 1925 play in French [58])
  • The Man They Buried (1928, comedy translated into English by Bertha Murrey, 1928[19])
  • La femme fatale (1926, translated from French into English as Medusa or The Enchantress[19][59]
  • The Tower of Babel (1929, play[19])
  • Nous, les barbares... (We the Barbarians ...; 1929,[60] translated from French into Spanish[61])
  • Théâtre (1929–30; Compendium of 12 of Karen Bramsons plays in French in four volumes: L'argent {une famille-l'enfer-La tour de Babel}, L'amour {Le professeur Klenow-Méduse-Le Bonheur}, La foi {L'orgueilleux-L'homme qui a compris-Les yeux qui s'ouvrent} and La haine {Le dictateur-Les félines-Depuis l'aurore des temps}[62])
  • Men (1930[63])
  • Une amoureuse (A Lover; 1930,[64] translated from French into Spanish[65])
  • Une nuit d'amour (A Night of Love; 1931,[66] translated from French into Norwegian[67])
  • Un seul homme (One Man; 1932, novel in French[68])
  • En Nat (One Night; 1932, novel in Danish[69])
  • Star (1933, novel in French[70])
  • Lueur dans nos ténèbres (Light Among our Shadows; 1935, novel in French[71])

Bibliography

There is no printed biography of Karen Bramson. She is mentioned in some dictionaries and encyclopaedias of Danish authors.[1] [4] [5] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ (2015) Répertoire Odéon Théâtre de l'Europe, Paris, Retrieved 3 June 2015
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Mulder, Rob J.M., (24 November 2011) Skywriting - Mr. Bramson above Christiana (Oslo) European Airlines, reprinted from original article in "Flight" magazine 21 June 1923, Retrieved 13 May 2015
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. "..The instrument, which assists the heart and lungs, is known as the Bramson lung, named for its designer, Mogens L. Bramson, an engineer. Although the device warms blood and enriches it with oxygen, 50 to 60 per cent of the patient's blood can still be pumped by the natural heart. The patient thus retains his natural pulse. Dr. J. Donald Hill of Presbyterian Hospital of Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, says the Bramson lung buys time for damaged lungs to heal. Standard heart-lung machines may lead to blood damage when used for longer than six hours..."
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  43. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  44. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  45. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.)
  46. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Also published in 1950 in English as the "Sins of a Paris Doctor"
  47. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  48. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  49. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  50. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  51. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  55. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  57. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  58. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  59. ↑ Theatre collections: record view, Medusa (La Femme Fatale) University of Kent, Information Services - Special Collections, Retrieved 26 May 2015
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  61. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  62. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  63. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  64. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  65. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  66. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  67. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  68. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  69. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  70. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  71. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  73. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  75. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  76. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  77. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  78. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  79. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  80. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  81. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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