Gaël Giraud

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Gaël Giraud SJ (born January 24, 1970), is a French Roman Catholic priest, economist and civil servant. Specialist in mathematical economics, research director at the CNRS, he was chief economist of the French Development Agency (AFD) from 2015 to 2019.

Biography

Early life and education

Gaël Giraud was born in Paris. After two years of B/L preparatory classes (Letters and Economics and Social Sciences) at the Lycée Henri-IV, he joined the École Normale Supérieure and the National School of Statistics and Economic Administration (ENSAE) in 1989.

During his two years of civil service in Chad (1995–1997), he taught mathematics and physics at Saint-Charles-Lwanga high school (Sarh) and founded the center for street children in Balimba.[1]

In January 1998, he defended his doctoral thesis in applied mathematics (economics) at the econometrics laboratory of the École polytechnique and at the Panthéon-Sorbonne University.[2]

In 2004, he obtained the authorization to direct research (HDR). The same year, on September 27, he entered the Society of Jesus. He was ordained a priest on December 14, 2013.[3]

He defended a doctoral thesis in theology on September 22, 2020 at the Centre Sèvres in Paris on the theme of the political theology of the commons in the Anthropocene era,[4] under the supervision of Christoph Theobald.

Career overview

After a year spent as a fellow at CORE (Centre For Operations Research, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), he joined the CNRS in 1999 as a research fellow in economics. His first assignment was at the BETA (Bureau of Theoretical and Applied Economics, Strasbourg), then, in 2001, he was assigned to the CES (Centre for Economics at the Sorbonne). He was an associate researcher at the Paris School of Economics from its founding in 2006 until 2014, while working as a scientific consultant.[5] From early 2015 until 2019, he was Chief Economist and Executive Director of the French Development Agency.[6]

He also worked as a quant (consultant in charge of designing mathematical models used in market finance) in Jean-Michel Lasry's teams at CPR Asset Management and Calyon between 1999 and 2004. the pricing of credit derivative assets. In 2003, a job as a trader was offered to him in New York, which he declined in order to become a Jesuit.[7]

Giraud has taught game theory and mathematical economics at the Panthéon-Sorbonne University, at the Faculty of Economics and Management in Strasbourg and at the University of Hanoi in Vietnam. He also taught economics at the École nationale des ponts et chaussées, at the École polytechnique (2016–2019) — where he founded the “Energy and prosperity” chair in 2015 with Jean-Pierre Ponssard[8] — as well as at ESCP Business School (2008–2010). He is now visiting professor at the Sustainability Institute of Stellenbosch University (South Africa).

Institutions

Member of the scientific council of the non-governmental organization Finance Watch, of the Nicolas-Hulot Foundation for Nature and Man, of The Shift Project and of the Campus de la transition, Gaël Giraud has been, since 2018, an associate member of the Nantes Institute for Advanced Studies.[9]

In 2020, he became honorary president of the Rousseau Institute, a think tank created on March 4, 2020 in Paris and which defines itself as a “partisan, independent of parties” laboratory. This laboratory of ideas is considered a newcomer in the galaxy of “left-wing think tanks”.[10][11]

In 2020, he was hired by Georgetown University, where he founded and directs the Environmental Justice Program.[12] He is also a professor at the university's McCourt School of Public Policy.[13]

Research

Giraud's research focuses in particular on mathematical economics, game theory, finance and energy. More recently, he has directed his research towards the question of social inequalities and ecological transition.[14]

A member of the Center for Social Research and Action, he has written a regular column, since 2007, on economic and financial news in the journal Projet. In this column, he takes a position on "peak oil", in favor of protectionism at Europe's borders,[15] a ceiling on income, massive financing of ecological transition, the changeover to the euro single currency to the common currency euro.[16] He considers that energy is the essential factor of economic growth: the elasticity, in other words the sensitivity of GDP per capita in relation to energy consumption, is, according to him, around 60%, and not less than 10% (i.e. the cost of the energy bill in production) according to the usual economic literature.[17]

His work explores and develops the ethical, even theological, aspects of economics.[18] Since 2012, it has been warning about the risks associated with global warming and the depletion of energy resources.[19]

With a team of researchers from the French Development Agency, since 2015 he has been developing a new macroeconomic modeling tool, GEMMES (General Monetary and Multisectoral Macrodynamics for the Ecological Shift). This decision-making support tool integrates the challenges of ecological transition.[20]

In the context of the economic crisis resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic, he pleads for the cancellation of sovereign debts held by the European Central Bank,[21] in order to allow States to invest in a plan for the ecological reconstruction of European economies.

Suspicion of plagiarism

Composer un monde en commun, a condensed version of his theology thesis and a total of 700 pages, was to be released on March 4, 2022. But, on February 23, 2022, L'Express, which had received the book for review, published an article which comes under numerous borrowings “recopied in whole or in part, without quotation marks and sometimes word for word” from other works; large extracts are given as examples in the article.[22][23]

Contacted on this subject, Éditions du Seuil announced the same day that the book would not be marketed. Giraud stated he tries to cite most of the sources he tries to summarize, refuting the notion of plagiarism. La Croix pointed out that this was a decision "rather rare, and even heavy, a few days before its official release, the book having probably already been sent through the distribution networks to the points of sale" and quotes the publisher's press release, which argues that “the work of notes and referencing of the works cited by the author is not complete and is detrimental to the reception of the book."[24] Ève Charrin evoked this affair in an article of March 4, 2022 for the magazine Marianne: "The work of Giraud indeed contains some passages almost copied [...] few, certainly, in a sum of 700 pages. She attributes these mistakes to the overwork of a jack-of-all-trades economist and theologian who “gifted, […] struggles to choose."[25]

Nevertheless, the thesis jury met again and confirmed the degree of doctor of theology and the original character of the work but withdrew its mention.[26] The book was published again by the same publisher in October 2022 after corrections. "Ethical sprains" were reported by L'Express and Le Monde, including a page "almost exact copy of a passage from Law and Revolution by Harold Berman".[27]

Works

He is the author of 31 articles published in peer review in scientific journals, the last dating from 2020. In October 2022 and according to Google scholar, he has accumulated 1,743 citations and his h-index is 1539 (publications are listed on the Georgetown University website).

Major publications

  • La Théorie des jeux (2004; 2009)
  • Vingt Propositions pour réformer le capitalisme (2009; edited by Gaël Giraud & Cécile Renouard)
  • Le Facteur 12, Pourquoi il faut plafonner les revenus (2012; with Cécile Renouard)
  • Illusion financière (2013; 3rd edition, revised and expanded, 2014)
  • Produire plus, polluer moins: l'impossible découplage? (2014; with Thierry Caminel, Philippe Frémeaux, Aurore Lalucq & Philippe Roman; preface by Dominique Méda & Géraldine Thiry)
  • L'Économie à venir (2021; with Felwine Sarr)
  • Réveiller la démocratie (2022; edited by Gaël Giraud & René Dosière)
  • La rivoluzione dolce della transizione ecologica - Come costruire un futuro possibile (2022)
  • Composer un monde en commun: Une théologie politique de l’Anthropocène (2022)

Collaborations

  • Steve Keen, L'Imposture économique (2014; preface)
  • Antonin Pottier, Comment les économistes réchauffent la planète (2016; preface)
  • Kaushik Basu, Au-delà du marché. Vers une nouvelle pensée économique (2017; preface)
  • Adair Turner, Reprendre le contrôle de la dette. Pour une réforme radicale du système financier (2017; preface)
  • Pierre-Étienne Franc & Michel Calef, Entreprise & bien commun: La performance et la vertu (2017; preface)
  • Swann Bommier & Cécile Renouard, L'Entreprise comme commun. Au-delà de la RSE (2018; preface)
  • Nicolas Bouleau, Le Mensonge de la finance - les mathématiques, le signal-prix et la planète (2018; preface)
  • Pierre Gilbert, Géomimétisme, réguler le changement climatique grâce à la nature (2020; preface)

Articles

  • "Le nihilisme de l'après-pétrole," Esprit‎ (mars-avril 2014)
  • "La mobilité du capital, un péché?," Revue Projet, No. 335‎ (18 juin 2013)
  • "Le projet Moscovici enterre la séparation des banques," Revue Projet (21 janvier 2013)
  • "Pourquoi les banques refusent d’être scindées," Revue Projet‎ (9 janvier 2013)
  • "La crise de l’euro n’est pas finie," Esprit‎ (mai 2012)
  • "Peut-on réformer le capitalisme?," Études‎ (janvier 2010)
  • "Nominal Uniqueness and Money Non-Neutrality in the Limit-Price Exchange Process," Economic Theory, Vol. XLV, Nos. 1/2‎ (2010), pp. 303–48 (with Dimitrios Tsomocos)
  • "Nouveaux chemins de solidarité," Études, No 4101‎ (janvier 2009)
  • "Régulation mondiale, un rôle pour le FMI?," Revue Projet, No 308‎ (janvier 2009), pp. 74–80
  • "Pour un second Bretton-Woods," Revue Projet, No. 309 (mars 2009), pp. 67–75

Notes

  1. ↑ "Association d'aide aux enfants de la rue du Moyen-Chari." Retrieved 7 June 2009.
  2. ↑ Ph.D. thesis, Applied Mathematics, Econometrics Laboratory of the École Polytechnique/University of Panthéon-Sorbonne: "Jeux stratégiques de marchés", cum summa laude, under the supervision of Joseph Abdou.
  3. ↑ "Trois ordinations de jésuites à Versailles," Jesuites.com (14 December 2013).
  4. ↑ Centre Sèvres, Rediffusion - soutenance de thèse Gaël Giraud, sj: Une ‘théologie politique’ de l’Anthropocène, at YouTube (22 September 2020).
  5. ↑ Scientific consultant in the Fixed Income Analysis and Client Advisory Research department at CPR Asset Management and in the Investment Finance group at Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, in Jean-Michel Lasry's research team.
  6. ↑ "Gaël Giraud," Ideas4development.org (blog of the AFD).
  7. ↑ "Gaël Giraud, un jésuite chez les banquiers," La Croix‎ (5 September 2014).
  8. ↑ "Gaël Giraud: Chercheur associé," Chair-energy-prosperity.org. REtrieved 10 October 2022.
  9. ↑ "Gaël Giraud," Iea-nantes.fr. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  10. ↑ "L'Institut Rousseau, nouveau venu dans la galaxie des think tanks de gauche," Le Monde (3 March 2020).
  11. ↑ Caddeo, Cyprien (3 mars 2020). "La galaxie des think tanks de gauche: des labos d’idées et autant d’armes pour la bataille," L'Humanité. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  12. ↑ "Dr. Gael Giraud," Environmental Metrology & Policy Program. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  13. ↑ "Gaël Giraud," Georgetown Environmental Justice Program. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  14. ↑ "Docteur honoris causa 2021," Université de Namur. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  15. ↑ Gaël Giraud, "L’épouvantail du protectionnisme," Revue-projet.com.
  16. ↑ Gaël Giraud, "De la monnaie unique à la monnaie commune," Revue-projet.com.
  17. ↑ Gaël Giraud: "Le vrai rôle de l’énergie va obliger les économistes à changer de dogme," interview about his work with the econometer Zeynep Kahraman, published in April, 14 2014 at the blog Petrole.blog.lemonde.fr .
  18. ↑ Article and interview by Gaël Giraud published in Le Monde de l'économie, Tuesday May 26, 2009.
  19. ↑ Gaël Giraud, "Les défis énergétiques pour un développement durable: comment éviter l’effondrement? ," Revue d’économie du développement, De Boeck Supérieur, Vol. 23,‎ septembre 2015, pp. 5–18.
  20. ↑ "Gaël Giraud," Agence française de développement. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  21. ↑ Mathilde Gardin & Marc Vignaud, "Gaël Giraud: "Il faut annuler les dettes publiques détenues par la Banque centrale européenne," Le Point (25 avril 2020).
  22. ↑ "Les étranges emprunts de Gaël Giraud, l'économiste star qui en savait trop," L'Express (23 février 2022).
  23. ↑ Bousenna, Youness (24 mars 2023). "Gaël Giraud, les zones d’ombres d’un économiste qui prenait la lumière », Le Monde,‎ 24 mars 2023 Gaël Giraud, les zones d’ombres d’un économiste qui prenait la lumière," Le Monde. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  24. ↑ "Le nouveau livre de Gaël Giraud ne paraîtra pas," La Croix (24 février 2022).
  25. ↑ Charrin, Ève (4 mars 2022). "Plagiaire ou surdoué: l'étrange affaire Gaël Giraud," Marianne. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  26. ↑ "Thèse de Gaël Giraud: verdict du conseil de la faculté de théologie du Centre Sèvres," Centre Sèvres - Paris (30 mai 2022).
  27. ↑ Bousenna, Youness (28 octobre 2022). "'Composer un monde en commun': Gaël Giraud entre plagiat, recherche et prédication," Le Monde. Retrieved 30 October 2022.

External links

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