Demographics of Uruguay

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This article is about the demographic features of the population of Uruguay, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Uruguay

Population

Demographics of Uruguay, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.
Census population in thousands
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1852 132 —    
1860 229.5 +7.16%
1908 1,042.7 +3.20%
1963 2,595.5 +1.67%
1975 2,788.4 +0.60%
1985 2,955.2 +0.58%
1996 3,163.8 +0.62%
2004 3,241 +0.30%
2011 3,286.3 +0.20%

According to the 2015 revison of the World Population Prospects the total population was 3,432,000 in 2015, compared to only 2,239,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2015 was 21.4%, 64.2% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 14.4% was 65 years or older.[1]

Total population
(x 1000)		 Proportion
aged 0–14
(%)		 Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)		 Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
1950 2 239 27.9 63.9 8.2
1955 2 373 27.6 64.3 8.1
1960 2 539 27.8 64.1 8.1
1965 2 695 28.1 63.6 8.3
1970 2 810 27.9 63.3 8.8
1975 2 830 27.7 62.7 9.6
1980 2 916 26.9 62.7 10.4
1985 3 012 26.8 62.3 10.9
1990 3 110 26.0 62.4 11.6
1995 3 225 25.0 62.6 12.4
2000 3 321 24.5 62.4 13.0
2005 3 326 23.8 62.8 13.5
2010 3 374 22.5 63.7 13.8
2015 3 432 21.4 64.2 14.4

Structure of the population [2]

Structure of the population (04.10.2011) (Census) :

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 1 577 416 1 708 461 3 285 877 100
0-4 112 704 107 641 220 345 6,71
5-9 121 820 116 248 238 068 7,25
10-14 131 022 125 530 256 552 7,81
15-19 133 042 128 649 261 691 7,96
20-24 119 928 121 078 241 006 7,33
25-29 112 852 115 533 228 385 6,95
30-34 113 884 119 481 233 365 7,10
35-39 108 704 113 817 222 521 6,77
40-44 98 612 104 486 203 098 6,18
45-49 95 812 102 961 198 773 6,05
50-54 93 175 101 390 194 565 5,92
55-59 81 828 91 179 173 007 5,27
60-64 69 864 80 911 150 775 4,59
65-69 58 769 72 794 131 563 4,00
70-74 47 705 64 690 112 395 3,42
75-79 36 806 56 853 93 659 2,85
80-84 24 912 45 593 70 505 2,15
85-89 11 535 25 891 37 426 1,14
90-94 3 636 10 477 14 113 0,43
95-99 733 2 813 3 546 0,11
100+ 73 446 519 0,02
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 365 546 349 419 714 965 21,76
15-64 1 027 701 1 079 485 2 107 186 64,13
65+ 184 169 279 557 464 026 14,12

Vital statistics

UN estimates

The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates for Uruguay. [3]

Period Live births
per year		 Deaths
per year		 Natural change
per year		 CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total		 Life expectancy
males		 Life expectancy
females
1950–1955 49,000 24,000 25,000 21.2 10.5 10.7 2.73 57 66.0 63.3 69.3
1955–1960 54,000 25,000 29,000 21.9 10.0 11.9 2.83 53 67.0 64.2 70.3
1960–1965 57,000 25,000 32,000 21.9 9.5 12.4 2.90 48 68.3 65.3 71.5
1965–1970 56,000 26,000 30,000 20.5 9.6 10.8 2.80 47 68.5 65.5 71.8
1970–1975 60,000 28,000 32,000 21.1 10.0 11.1 3.00 46 68.7 65.6 72.1
1975–1980 58,000 29,000 29,000 20.2 10.1 10.1 2.89 42 69.5 66.3 73.1
1980–1985 54,000 29,000 25,000 18.3 9.8 8.5 2.57 34 70.9 67.6 74.5
1985–1990 56,000 30,000 26,000 18.2 9.8 8.4 2.53 23 72.1 68.6 75.7
1990–1995 58,000 31,000 27,000 18.2 9.7 8.5 2.49 20 73.0 69.2 76.8
1995–2000 55,000 31,000 24,000 16.9 9.5 7.4 2.30 16 74.2 70.4 77.9
2000–2005 53,000 31,000 22,000 15.9 9.5 6.5 2.20 14 75.3 71.6 78.9
2005–2010 51,000 31,000 20,000 15.1 9.3 5.8 2.12 13 76.4 72.7 79.9
2010–2015 49,000 32,000 17,000 14.5 9.4 5.1 2.05 11 77.1 73.6 80.5
2015–2020 49,000 32,000 17,000 14.1 9.3 4.8 2.00 10 77.9 74.5 81.1
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Births and deaths[4][5]

Average population (x 1000) Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000)
1900 926 30 580 12 878 17 702 33.0 13.9 19.1
1901 951 31 703 12 504 19 199 33.3 13.1 20.2
1902 976 31 526 13 439 18 087 32.3 13.8 18.5
1903 1 004 32 600 13 673 18 927 32.5 13.6 18.9
1904 1 023 26 984 11 515 15 469 26.4 11.3 15.1
1905 1 056 33 709 13 612 20 097 31.9 12.9 19.0
1906 1 087 32 578 15 083 17 495 30.0 13.9 16.1
1907 1 124 33 657 15 561 18 096 29.9 13.8 16.1
1908 1 043 35 520 14 421 21 099 34.1 13.8 20.2
1909 1 079 35 663 15 249 20 414 33.1 14.1 18.9
1910 1 116 35 927 16 515 19 412 32.2 14.8 17.4
1911 1 160 37 530 16 552 20 978 32.4 14.3 18.1
1912 1 208 39 171 16 745 22 426 32.4 13.9 18.6
1913 1 261 40 315 15 374 24 941 32.0 12.2 19.8
1914 1 297 38 571 15 350 23 221 29.7 11.8 17.9
1915 1 327 38 046 16 602 21 444 28.7 12.5 16.2
1916 1 359 36 983 20 338 16 645 27.2 15.0 12.2
1917 1 387 36 752 17 348 19 404 26.5 12.5 14.0
1918 1 409 38 914 20 009 18 905 27.6 14.2 13.4
1919 1 442 39 307 18 904 20 403 27.3 13.1 14.1
1920 1 473 39 335 19 041 20 294 26.7 12.9 13.8
1921 1 505 39 611 18 449 21 162 26.3 12.3 14.1
1922 1 542 40 261 16 415 23 846 26.1 10.6 15.5
1923 1 579 40 231 18 110 22 121 25.5 11.5 14.0
1924 1 616 41 880 19 132 22 748 25.9 11.8 14.1
1925 1 653 42 167 19 332 22 835 25.5 11.7 13.8
1926 1 695 43 091 17 828 25 263 25.4 10.5 14.9
1927 1 737 42 845 19 939 22 906 24.7 11.5 13.2
1928 1 782 44 632 19 070 25 562 25.0 10.7 14.3
1929 1 823 44 236 19 660 24 576 24.3 10.8 13.5
1930 1 875 45 718 20 049 25 669 24.4 10.7 13.7
1931 1 922 44 854 21 163 23 691 23.3 11.0 12.3
1932 1 956 44 036 19 825 24 211 22.5 10.1 12.4
1933 1 982 41 650 20 358 21 292 21.0 10.3 10.7
1934 2 007 41 337 20 065 21 272 20.6 10.0 10.6
1935 2 030 41 426 21 514 19 912 20.4 10.6 9.8
1936 2 053 40 705 19 843 20 862 19.8 9.7 10.2
1937 2 080 41 337 21 561 19 776 19.9 10.4 9.5
1938 2 108 41 701 21 658 20 043 19.8 10.3 9.5
1939 2 132 42 862 19 341 23 521 20.1 9.1 11.0
1940 2 155 42 893 20 695 22 198 19.9 9.6 10.3
1941 2 175 44 287 20 381 23 906 20.4 9.4 11.0
1942 2 194 42 670 20 646 22 024 19.4 9.4 10.0
1943 2 211 43 500 20 738 22 762 19.7 9.4 10.3
1944 2 216 46 443 19 990 26 453 21.0 9.0 11.9
1945 2 266 49 021 19 627 29 394 21.6 8.7 13.0
1946 2 290 48 978 18 415 30 563 21.4 8.0 13.3
1947 2 317 46 796 20 139 26 657 20.2 8.7 11.5
1948 2 343 49 033 19 326 29 707 20.9 8.2 12.7
1949 2 383 54 838 18 351 36 487 23.0 7.7 15.3
1950 2 239 56 858 19 199 37 659 25.4 8.6 16.8
1951 2 261 45 281 19 190 26 091 20.0 8.5 11.5
1952 2 286 46 710 19 083 27 627 20.4 8.4 12.1
1953 2 313 47 464 19 408 28 056 20.5 8.4 12.1
1954 2 342 49 888 19 153 30 735 21.3 8.2 13.1
1955 2 373 56 111 20 611 35 500 23.7 8.7 15.0
1956 2 405 56 389 19 895 36 494 23.5 8.3 15.2
1957 2 438 56 337 21 722 34 615 23.1 8.9 14.2
1958 2 471 57 100 20 937 36 163 23.1 8.5 14.6
1959 2 505 56 589 23 523 33 066 22.6 9.4 13.2
1960 2 539 56 302 22 104 38 507 22.2 8.7 15.2
1961 2 572 54 950 21 954 42 503 21.4 8.5 16.5
1962 2 604 56 120 22 563 43 541 21.6 8.7 16.7
1963 2 635 57 141 23 524 39 542 21.7 8.9 15.0
1964 2 666 55 100 24 118 38 707 20.7 9.0 14.5
1965 2 695 53 830 24 774 35 440 20.0 9.2 13.2
1966 2 723 51 120 24 862 33 966 18.8 9.1 12.5
1967 2 750 52 010 26 484 34 024 18.9 9.6 12.4
1968 2 775 53 330 25 991 35 277 19.2 9.4 12.7
1969 2 795 56 750 27 544 28 456 20.3 9.9 10.2
1970 2 810 54 870 26 441 28 429 19.5 9.4 10.1
1971 2 818 55 990 28 527 27 463 19.9 10.1 9.7
1972 2 822 56 470 28 327 28 143 20.0 10.0 10.0
1973 2 822 56 640 28 438 28 202 20.1 10.1 10.0
1974 2 824 58 280 28 289 29 991 20.7 10.0 10.6
1975 2 830 59 140 27 437 31 703 20.9 9.7 11.2
1976 2 842 59 190 28 845 30 345 20.8 10.2 10.7
1977 2 857 57 976 28 927 29 049 20.3 10.1 10.2
1978 2 876 57 276 28 041 29 235 19.9 9.8 10.2
1979 2 896 55 770 28 321 27 449 19.3 9.8 9.5
1980 2 916 53 854 29 844 24 010 19.1 10.6 8.5
1981 2 935 53 923 27 644 26 279 18.4 9.4 9.0
1982 2 954 53 713 27 186 26 527 18.2 9.2 9.0
1983 2 973 53 405 28 475 24 930 18.0 9.6 8.4
1984 2 993 53 348 30 011 23 337 17.8 10.0 7.8
1985 3 012 53 766 28 566 25 200 17.9 9.5 8.4
1986 3 031 54 080 28 791 25 289 17.9 9.5 8.4
1987 3 050 53 368 29 885 23 483 17.5 9.8 7.7
1988 3 069 55 798 30 912 24 886 18.2 10.1 8.1
1989 3 089 55 324 29 621 25 703 17.9 9.6 8.3
1990 3 110 56 013 30 210 26 277 18.0 9.7 8.5
1991 3 132 54 754 29 774 24 980 17.5 9.5 8.0
1992 3 155 54 190 30 008 24 182 17.2 9.5 7.7
1993 3 178 55 953 31 616 24 337 17.6 9.9 7.7
1994 3 201 55 990 30 122 25 868 17.5 9.4 8.1
1995 3 224 56 695 31 525 25 170 17.6 9.8 7.8
1996 3 248 58 862 31 108 27 754 18.1 9.6 8.5
1997 3 271 58 032 30 451 27 581 17.7 9.3 8.4
1998 3 292 54 760 31 917 22 843 16.6 9.7 6.9
1999 3 309 54 004 32 430 21 574 16.3 9.8 6.5
2000 3 321 52 770 30 456 22 314 15.9 9.2 6.7
2001 3 327 51 959 31 228 20 731 15.6 9.4 6.2
2002 3 328 51 953 31 628 20 325 15.6 9.5 6.1
2003 3 325 50 631 32 587 18 044 15.2 9.8 5.4
2004 3 324 50 052 32 220 17 832 15.1 9.7 5.4
2005 3 325 46 944 32 319 14 625 14.1 9.7 4.4
2006 3 330 47 410 31 056 16 354 14.2 9.3 4.9
2007 3 338 47 373 33 706 13 667 14.2 10.1 4.1
2008 3 349 47 484 31 363 16 121 14.2 9.4 4.8
2009 3 360 47 152 32 179 14 973 14.1 9.6 4.5
2010 3 372 47 420 33 474 13 946 14.1 10.0 4.2
2011 3 383 46 699 32 807 13 892 13.9 9.7 4.1
2012 48 200 33 002 15 198 14.3 9.8 4.5

Origins and ethnicity

Uruguay is a multiethnic society, which means that it is home to people of many different ethnic backgrounds. In that case, Uruguyans usually treat their nationality as a citizenship rather than an ethnicity.

Uruguayans share a Spanish linguistic and heavily Spanish cultural background with its neighbour Argentina. Most Uruguayans are descended from colonial-era settlers and immigrants from Europe with almost 88% of the population being of European descent,[6] The majority of these European immigrants were Spaniards, followed closely by Italians, including numbers of French, Germans, Portuguese, British (English or Scots), Irish, Swiss, Russians, Poles, Bulgarians, Hungarians, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Estonians, Latvians, Swedes, Danes, Dutch, Belgians, Austrians, Croats, Greeks and other Scandinavians. There are also smaller numbers of Turkish, Armenian, Serbs, Georgian, Jews and Lebanese people.

Almost the entire ethnic-European population has at least partial Spanish and/or Italian roots, with many having ancestry from various other ethnic groups, e.g., Portuguese, French and English descent.

Many Swiss settlements (colonias or "colonies"), such as Colonia Suiza, Colonia Valdense and Nueva Helvecia, were founded in the department of Colonia. Also, there are towns founded by early British settlers, such as Conchillas and Barker. A Russian colony called San Javier, is found in the department of Río Negro. There are Mennonite colonies in the department of Río Negro and in the department of Canelones.

Many of the European immigrants arrived in the late 19th century and have heavily influenced the architecture and culture of Montevideo and other major cities. For this reason, Montevideo and life within the city are very reminiscent of Western Europe.

The rest of the Uruguayan population is Black/Afro-Uruguayan of African descent and about 1 or 2% are of Asian descent, mostly are Lebanese/Syrian Arab, and Chinese or Japanese ancestry (see Bárbara Mori).

Amerindians make up a small population in the Rural North-West region, with Mestizos making up 6% of the Population.

Demographic distribution

Metropolitan Montevideo, with about one and a half million inhabitants, is the capital and largest city. The rest of the urban population lives in about 20 towns. Montevideo is about 200 kilometers (120 mi) away from Buenos Aires in neighboring Argentina.

Uruguay is distinguished by its high literacy rate (97.3%) and a large urban middle class.

As a result of the low birth rate, high life expectancy, and relatively high rate of emigration of younger people, Uruguay's population is quite mature. In 2006, the country had a birth rate of 13.91 births per thousand population, lower than neighboring countries Argentina (16.73 births/1000 population)[3] and Brazil (16.56 births/1,000 population).

Emigration

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Main article: Emigration from Uruguay

During the past four decades, an estimated 500,000 Uruguayans had emigrated, principally to Brazil, Argentina and Europe. (Spain is the main destination for Uruguayans, but they are also drawn to the United Kingdom, Italy, France and Germany.)[citation needed] Other Uruguayans went to various countries in Europe, Australia and the USA.

Neighboring ties and short distances between Uruguayan cities and Argentine capital Buenos Aires, have drawn a path of success for very talented Uruguayans who settled in the neighbor country and became famous and locally accepted. Some famous Uruguayans who excelled in Argentina are entrepreneur and financier Juan Navarro, sports journalist Victor Hugo Morales, singer and actress Natalia Oreiro, soccer players Antonio Alzamendi, Enzo Francescoli and Carlos Goyen, actor Daniel Hendler, actress China Zorrilla, entertainer Carlos Perciavalle and former playboy and journalist Luis César Avilés.

Emigration to the United States also rose recently, but remains a small part of the US population. The majority of Uruguayans in the US live in New York City, New Jersey, Washington, D.C., and urban areas of California.

Religion

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Main article: Religion in Uruguay
Religion in Uruguay (2008)[7]
Religion Percent
Roman Catholic
  
 45.7%
Non-Catholic Christian
  
 9.0%
Nonsectarian believers
  
 30.1%
Atheist
  
 12.0%
Agnostic
  
 2.0%
Other
  
 1.2%

Uruguay has no official religion, church and state are officially separated, and religious freedom is guaranteed. A 2008 survey by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística of Uruguay gave Catholicism as the main religion, with 45.7% of the population, 9.0% are non-Catholic Christians, 0.6% are Animists or Umbandists (an Afro-Brazilian religion) and 0.4% Jewish. 30.1% reported believing in a god, but not belonging to any religion, while 14% were Atheist or Agnostic.[7] Among the sizeable Armenian community in Montevideo the dominant religion is Christianity, specifically Armenian Apostolic.[8]

Political observers consider Uruguay the most secular country in the Americas.[9] Uruguay's secularization began with the relatively minor role of the church in the colonial era, compared with other parts of the Spanish Empire. The small numbers of Uruguay's Indians and their fierce resistance to proselytism reduced the influence of the ecclesiastical authorities.[10]

After independence, anticlerical ideas spread to Uruguay, particularly from France, further eroding the influence of the church.[11] In 1837, civil marriage was recognized and in 1861 the state took over the running of public cemeteries. In 1907, divorce was legalized and in 1909, all religious instruction was banned from state schools.[10] Under the influence of the radical Colorado reformer José Batlle y Ordóñez (1903–1911) complete separation of church and state was introduced with the new constitution of 1917.[10]

Demographic data[12]

Population

3,865,425 (July 2014 est.)

Note: The 2011 Census of the National Statistics Institute of Uruguay began in September 2011 and the preliminary results, stating population of departments, were announced in December 2011. Final results with numbers for localities were still pending as of 26 June 2012.

Median age

  • total: 33.64013 years
  • male: 32 years
  • female: 35.2 years (2011 est.)

Population growth rate

0.24% (2011 est.)

Net migration rate

-1.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Urbanization

  • urban population: 92% of total population (2010)
  • rate of urbanization: 0.4% annual rate of change (2010–15 est.)

Sex ratio

  • at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
  • under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
  • 15–64 years: 0.5 male(s)/female
  • 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female
  • total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate

0.5% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS – people living with HIV/AIDS

9,900 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS – deaths

fewer than 500 (2007 est.)

Racial groups

European 88%, Mestizo 8%, Black 4%, Amerindian <1%

Languages

Spanish (Uruguayan Spanish), Uruguayan Sign Language, Portuñol.

There are other ethnic minorities speaking their original languages: Italian, Catalan, German, Plautdietsch, Yiddish, etc.[13]

Literacy

  • definition: age 15 and over can read and write
  • total population: 98%
  • male: 97.6%
  • female: 98.4% (2003 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

  • total: 16 years
  • male: 14 years
  • female: 17 years (2008)

Education expenditures

4.5% of GDP (2008)

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/
  2. ↑ http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm
  3. ↑ Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision
  4. ↑ [1] United nations. Demographic Yearbooks
  5. ↑ Instituto Nacional de Estadistica: Estadisticas vitales
  6. ↑ Constituciones Hispanoamericanas – Constituciones – Uruguay
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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