Cobalt(II) nitrate

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Cobalt(II) nitrate
Cobalt (II) Nitrate Hexahydrate Sample
Names
Other names
Caviar, Cobaltous nitrate
Nitric acid, cobalt(2+) salt
Identifiers
10141-05-6 YesY
10026-22-9 (hexahydrate) N
ChEBI CHEBI:86209 N
ChemSpider 23369 YesY
EC Number 233-402-1
Jmol 3D model Interactive image
PubChem 25000
RTECS number GG1109000
UNII 65W79BFD5V YesY
  • InChI=1S/Co.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1 YesY
    Key: UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N YesY
  • InChI=1/Co.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1
    Key: UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYAS
  • [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O
Properties
Co(NO3)2
Molar mass 182.943 g/mol (anhydrous)
291.03 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Appearance pale red powder (anhydrous)
red crystalline (hexahydrate)
Odor odorless (hexahydrate)
Density 2.49 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
1.87 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Melting point 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K) decomposes (anhydrous)
55 °C (hexahydrate)
Boiling point 100 to 105 °C (212 to 221 °F; 373 to 378 K) decomposes (hexahydrate)
74 °C, decomposes (hexahydrate)
anhydrous:[1] 84.03 g/100 mL (0 °C)
334.9 g/100 mL (90 °C)
soluble (anhydrous)
Solubility soluble in alcohol, acetone, ethanol, ammonia (hexahydrate)
Structure
monoclinic (hexahydrate)
Vapor pressure {{{value}}}
Related compounds
Other anions
 Cobalt(II) sulfate
Cobalt(II) chloride
Cobalt oxalate
Other cations
 Iron(III) nitrate
Nickel(II) nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Cobalt nitrate is the inorganic cobalt(II) salt of nitric acid, often with various amounts of water. It is more commonly found as a hexahydrate, Co(NO3)2·6H2O, which is a red-brown deliquescent salt that is soluble in water and other polar solvents.

Preparation

Cobalt(II) nitrate is formed by the interaction of cobalt oxide, hydroxide or carbonate with nitric acid.

\mathsf{Co + 4HNO_3 \ \xrightarrow{}\ Co(NO_3)_2 + 2NO_2 + 2H_2O }
\mathsf{CoO + 2HNO_3 \ \xrightarrow{}\ Co(NO_3)_2 + H_2O }
\mathsf{CoCO_3 + 2HNO_3 \ \xrightarrow{}\ Co(NO_3)_2 + CO_2\uparrow + H_2O }

Composition and structures

As well as the anhydrous compound Co(NO3)2, there are several hydrates of cobalt(II) nitrate. The various degrees of hydration can be summarised by the general chemical formula Co(NO3)2·nH2O, where n = 0, 2, 4, 6.

Anhydrous cobalt(II) nitrate adopts a three-dimensional polymeric network structure, with each cobalt(II) atom approximately octahedrally coordinated by six oxygen atoms, each from a different nitrate ion. Each nitrate ion coordinates to three cobalts.[2] The dihydrate is a two-dimensional polymer, with nitrate bridges between Co(II) centres and hydrogen bonding holding the layers together. The tetrahydrate consists of discrete, octahedral [(H2O)4Co(NO3)2] molecules. The hexahydrate is better described as hexaaquacobalt(II) nitrate, [Co(OH2)6][NO3]2, as it consists of discrete [Co(OH2)6]2+ and [NO3]− ions.[3]

175px 140px 175px 175px
Co(NO3)2
Co(NO3)2·2H2O
Co(NO3)2·4H2O
Co(NO3)2·6H2O

Uses

It is commonly reduced to metallic cobalt or precipitated on various substrates for Fischer-Tropsch catalysis.[4]

Production

It is derived from reacting metallic cobalt or one of its oxides, hydroxides, or carbonate with nitric acid. It is commonly used in dyes and inks.[5]

CoCO3 + 2 HNO3 + 5 H2O → Co(NO3)2(H2O)6 + CO2

Above 55 °C, it dehydrates to the trihydrate and at higher temperatures to the monohydrate.

References

  1. ↑ Perrys' Chem Eng Handbook, 7th Ed
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Ernst B, Libs S, Chaumette P, Kiennemann A. Appl. Catal. A 186 (1-2): 145-168 1999
  5. ↑ Lewis, Richard J., Sr. (2002). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary (14th Edition). John Wiley & Sons. http://www.knovel.com/knovel2/Toc.jsp?BookID=704&VerticalID=0
Salts and covalent derivatives of the Nitrate ion
HNO3 He
LiNO3 Be(NO3)2 B(NO3)4− C N O FNO3 Ne
NaNO3 Mg(NO3)2 Al(NO3)3 Si P S ClONO2 Ar
KNO3 Ca(NO3)2 Sc(NO3)3 Ti(NO3)4 VO(NO3)3 Cr(NO3)3 Mn(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 Co(NO3)2,
Co(NO3)3		 Ni(NO3)2 Cu(NO3)2 Zn(NO3)2 Ga(NO3)3 Ge As Se Br Kr
RbNO3 Sr(NO3)2 Y Zr(NO3)4 Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd(NO3)2 AgNO3 Cd(NO3)2 In Sn Sb Te I Xe(NO3)2
CsNO3 Ba(NO3)2   Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg2(NO3)2,
Hg(NO3)2		 Tl(NO3)3 Pb(NO3)2 Bi(NO3)3 Po At Rn
Fr Ra   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Uut Fl Uup Lv Uus Uuo
↓
La Ce(NO3)3,
Ce(NO3)4		 Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd(NO3)3 Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Ac Th Pa UO2(NO3)2 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
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