Chakri dynasty

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
(Redirected from Chakri Dynasty)
Jump to: navigation, search
House of Chakri
Emblem of the House of Chakri
Chakri emblem
Country Thailand
Titles King of Siam (1782–1940)
King of Thailand (1948–present)
Founded 1782; 242 years ago (1782)
Founder Rama I
Current head Rama X
Cadet branches 131 cadet houses (91 royal and 40 viceregal)

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

The Chakri dynasty (Thai: ราชวงศ์จักรี; rtgs: Ratchawong Chakkri, Thai pronunciation: [râ:t.tɕʰá.woŋ.tɕàk.kri:]) is the current ruling royal house of the Kingdom of Thailand, the head of the house being Thailand's monarch, i.e. head of state. The dynasty has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Rattanakosin Era and the city of Bangkok in 1782 following the end of King Taksin of Thonburi's reign, when the capital of Siam shifted to Bangkok. The royal house was founded by King Rama I, an Ayutthaya military leader of Sino-Mon descent.

Prior to the founding of the dynasty, King Rama I held for years the title Chakri, the title of the civil chancellor. In founding the dynasty, King Rama I himself chose "Chakri" as the name for the dynasty. The emblem of the dynasty is composed of the discus (Chakra) and the trident (Trisula), the celestial weapons of god Vishnu and Shiva, whom the Thai sovereign is seen as an incarnation.

The current head of the house is King Maha Vajiralongkorn who was proclaimed king on 1 December 2016, but has reigned with retroactive effect since 13 October 2016 after the death of King Bhumibol Adulyadej. The house's current dynastic seat is the Grand Palace in Bangkok.

Royal family of Thailand

Photograph of Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkla and Mom Sangwan (later the Princess Mother).
The Chakri Mahaprasat, inside the Grand Palace in Bangkok, the dynastic seat and official residence of the dynasty.

The present royal family of Thailand is descended from Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Songkla (1891–1929) and Srinagarindra (later Princess Mother) (1900–95) forming the House of Mahidol (ราชสกุลมหิดล) (a cadet branch of the dynasty). The Prince was a son of King Chulalongkorn and his wife Queen Savang Vadhana. The Prince was also the half-brother of both King Vajiravudh and King Prajadhipok. After the death of King Ananda Mahidol (Prince Mahidol's elder son), King Bhumibol Adulyadej (the Prince's younger son) ascended the throne in 1946. In 1949 the King married his first cousin once removed, Mom Rajawongse Sirikit Kitiyakara (a daughter of Mom Chao Nakkhatra Mangkala Kitiyakara, a grandson of King Chulalongkorn). Bhumibol was succeeded by his son Maha Vajiralongkorn officially on 13 October 2016, but was proclaimed King on 1 December 2016.

Members

This is a list of current members of the royal family:

Other members

Recently deceased members

Line of succession to the Thai throne

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

See also: 1924 Palace Law of Succession
File:House of Mahidol 1966 (2).jpg
Photograph of King Bhumibol, Queen Sirikit and their four children, taken in 1966.

<templatestyles src="Tree list/styles.css" />

Notes

  • Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya (b. 1951), eldest daughter of King Rama IX, renounced her right of succession for herself and her heirs upon her marriage in 1972.
  • Juthavachara Vivacharawongse (b. 1979), Vacharaesorn Vivacharawongse (b. 1981), Chakriwat Vivacharawongse (b. 1983), and Vatchrawee Vivacharawongse (b. 1985), the sons of King Rama X and Sujarinee Vivacharawongse, are not in the line of succession to the throne.

History

Monarchs

Portrait Name Birth Start of reign End of reign Death Consorts Issue
Rama I Phrabat Somdet Phra
Paramoruracha Maha
Chakri Borommanat Phra
Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke
(Rama I)		 20 March 1737
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya,
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya		 6 April 1782
(crowned at the Dusit Maha Prasat Hall, Grand Palace on 10 June 1782)		 7 September 1809
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 72		 Queen Amarindra
and 31 other consorts		 42 progeny
(17 sons and 25 daughters)
Rama II Phrabat Somdet Phra
Boromratchapongchet
Mahetsawarasunthon Phra Buddha Loetla Nabhalai
(Rama II)		 24 February 1767
Amphawa, Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya		 7 September 1809
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall)		 21 July 1824
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 57		 Queen Srisuriyendra
Princess Consort Sri Sulalai
and 51 other consorts		 73 progeny
(38 sons and 35 daughters)
Rama III Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramathiworaset Maha
Jessadabodindra
Phra Nangklao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama III)		 31 March 1788
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam		 21 July 1824
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall)		 2 April 1851
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 63		 42 consorts 51 progeny
(22 sons and 29 daughters)
Rama IV Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha
Mongkut
Phra Chom Klao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama IV)		 18 October 1804
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam		 2 April 1851
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 15 May 1851)		 1 October 1868
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 63		 Queen Somanas Vadhanavadi
Queen Debsirindra
Princess Pannarai
and 58 other consorts		 82 progeny
(39 sons and 43 daughters)
Rama V Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha
Chulalongkorn
Phra Chulachomklao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama V)		 20 September 1853
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam		 1 October 1868
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 11 November 1868 (1st time) and 16 November 1873 (2nd time))		 23 October 1910
Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, Dusit Palace,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 57		 Queen Sunandha Kumariratana
Queen Sukumalmarsri
Queen Savang Vadhana
Queen Saovabha Phongsri
and 88 other consorts		 77 progeny
(32 sons and 44 daughters)
Rama VI Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha
Vajiravudh
Phra Mongkut Klao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama VI)		 1 January 1881
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam		 23 October 1910
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 11 November 1910)		 26 November 1925
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 44		 Princess Consort Indrasakdi Sachi
Consort Sucharit Suda
Princess Consort Laksamilawan
Princess Consort Suvadhana		 Princess Bejaratana Rajasuda
Rama VII Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha
Prajadhipok
Phra Pok Klao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama VII)		 8 November 1893
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam		 26 November 1925
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 25 February 1926)		 2 March 1935 30 May 1941
Wentworth, Virginia Water, Surrey, United Kingdom
aged 47		 Queen Rambai Barni (None)
Rama VIII Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha
Ananda Mahidol
(Rama VIII)		 20 September 1925
Heidelberg, Baden, Germany		 2 March 1935
(never crowned),
Reign under Regency from 1935 to 1946		 9 June 1946
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Thailand
aged 20		 (None) (None)
Rama IX Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha
Bhumibol Adulyadej
(Rama IX)		 5 December 1927
Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States		 9 June 1946
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 5 May 1950)		 13 October 2016
Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, Thailand
aged 88		 Queen Sirikit Princess Ubol Ratana
Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn
Princess Sirindhorn
Princess Chulabhorn
Rama X Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua
Maha Vajiralongkorn
Bodindradebayavarangkun
(Rama X)		 28 July 1952
Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, Dusit Palace, Bangkok		 13 October 2016 Incumbent Queen Suthida Princess Bajrakitiyabha
Juthavachara Vivacharawongse
Vacharaesorn Vivacharawongse
Chakriwat Vivacharawongse
Vatchrawee Vivacharawongse
Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana
Prince Dipangkorn Rasmijoti

Timeline

Front Palaces

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Main article: Front Palace

The Maha Uparat (มหาอุปราช) or the Krom Phrarajawang Bavorn Sathan Mongkol (Vice or Second King of Siam) (กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานมงคล) was an office that was bestowed on the highest ranking prince, frequently the monarch's younger brother or son. Until 1885 every Chakri monarch had appointed a prince to this office. The Uprarat and his miniature court would reside at the Front Palace (วังหน้า) (a palace complex to the north of the Grand Palace, now the site of the Bangkok National Museum). By tradition the Uparat was designated the heir to the throne, however only Prince Isarasundhorn was able to ascend the throne as King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai. The office was extremely prestigious and carried with it almost equal status to the king, this can be seen in Prince Chutamani (younger brother of King Mongkut), who was elevated to Vice King Pinklao in 1851 (he carried with him the styles and titles of a King). The office was abolished by King Chulalongkorn when his Uparat and cousin Prince Bovorn Vichaicharn died. He then declared his oldest son the Crown Prince of Siam, but not Uparat.[1]

Portrait Name Birth Start of reign
(Date of appointment)		 End of reign Issue Monarch
(Relationship to the king)
Maha Sura Singhanat Somdet Phra Bawonratchao
Maha Sura Singhanat		 1 November 1744
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya,
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya		 1782 3 November 1803
Bangkok, Siam
aged 59		 43 sons and daughters with various consorts King Rama I
(Younger brother)
Rama II Somdet Phra Chao Lookya Ther
Chaofa Krommaluang Isarasundhorn		 24 February 1767
Amphawa, Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya		 1806 7 September 1809
(Ascended the throne as King Rama II)		 73 sons and daughters with various consorts King Rama I
(Oldest son)
House of Chakri Somdet Phra-Bawonratchao
Maha Senanurak		 29 March 1773
Kingdom of Ayutthaya		 7 September 1809 16 July 1817
Bangkok, Siam
aged 45		 40 sons and daughters with various consorts King Rama II
(Younger brother)
House of Chakri Somdet Phra-Bawonratchao
Sakdiphonlasep		 21 October 1785
Kingdom of Ayutthaya		 21 July 1824 1 May 1832
Bangkok, Siam
aged 46		 20 sons and daughters with various consorts King Rama III
(Uncle, son of Rama I)
Pinklao Phrabat Somdet Phra
Pinklao Chaoyuhua		 4 September 1808
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Thonburi, Siam		 25 May 1851
(Received a royal coronation at the Front Palace)		 7 January 1866
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam
aged 57		 58 sons and daughters with various consorts King Rama IV
(Younger brother)
Wichaichan Krom Phra Ratchawang
Bowon Wichaichan		 6 April 1838
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam		 2 October 1868
(Appointed by the Ascension Council on behalf of King Rama V)		 28 August 1885
Front Palace,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 47
(Title abolished after death)		 28 sons and daughters with various consorts King Rama V
(Cousin, son of Pinklao)

Rear Palace

Krom Phrarajawang Boworn Sathan Phimuk (กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานพิมุข) or the Rear Palace, was another office inherited from the Kingdom of Ayutthaya. However, since the founding of the dynasty there has only been one rear palace. Prince Anurak Devesh was the nephew of King Buddha Yodfa Chualoke (his mother Princess Thepsuthavadi was the king's elder sister) was appointed to the office in 1785.

Portrait Name Birth Appointment Death Issue Monarch
(Relationship to the king)
Anurak Devesh Chaofa Krom Phra
Anurak Devesh
Krom Phra Rajawang Boworn Sathan Phimuk		 28 March 1746 1785 20 December 1806
Bangkok, Siam
aged 60
(Title discontinued)		 35 sons and daughters with various consorts King Rama I
(Nephew, son of Princess Sister Thepsuthavadi)

Crown Princes

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Main article: Crown Prince of Thailand

The Crown Prince of Thailand or Sayam Makutrajakuman (สยามมกุฎราชกุมาร) is the designated and heir apparent to the throne and headship of the dynasty. The title was created in 1886 when King Chulalongkorn appointed his eldest son by Princess Consort Savang Vadhana, Prince Vajirunhis as Sayam Makutrajakuman. The title was copied directly from the Western tradition. Since then, there has only been three crown princes. The most recent crown prince, Maha Vajiralongkorn, was invested with the title in 1972 and became King in 2016. The succession is governed by the 1924 Palace Law of Succession passed by King Vajiravudh.

Portrait Name Birth Appointment Ceased to be Crown Prince Note Parents
Vajirunhis Maha Vajirunhis 27 June 1878
Inner Court, Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam		 14 January 1886[2] 4 January 1895 Died of typhoid fever at age 16 King Rama V and Queen Consort Savang Vadhana
Vajiravudh Maha Vajiravudh 1 January 1881
Inner Court, Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam		 4 January 1895[3] 23 October 1910 Ascended to the throne as King Rama VI at death of father King Rama V and Queen Saovabha Phongsri
Vajiralongkorn Maha Vajiralongkorn 28 July 1952
Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, Dusit Palace, Dusit,
Bangkok, Thailand		 28 December 1972[4] 13 October 2016 Ascended to the throne as King Rama X at death of father King Rama IX and Queen Sirikit

Royal consorts

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
See also: List of Thai royal consorts
Portrait Name Birth Marriage Became consort Ceased to be consort Death Issue Consort to
(Notes)
House of Chakri Somdet Phra Amarindra
Boromarajini		 15 March 1737
Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya		 Around 1760 6 April 1782
Husband's coronation		 7 September 1809
Husband's death		 25 May 1826
Bangkok, Siam
aged 89		 10 sons and daughters, 5 surviving King Rama I
(Mother of Rama II)
Sri Suriyendra Somdet Phra Sri Suriyendra
Boromarajini		 Around 1767
Amphawa,
Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya		 21 September 1801 7 September 1809
Husband's coronation		 21 July 1824
Husband's death		 18 October 1836
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam
aged 69		 5 sons and daughters, 2 surviving King Rama II
(Mother of Rama IV)
Debsirindra Somdet Phra Debsirindra
Boromarajini		 17 July 1834
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam		 1 April 1851 9 September 1862
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 28		 3 sons and 1 daughter, 3 surviving King Rama IV
(Mother of Rama V)
Saovabha Phongsri Somdet Phra Nangchao Saovabha Phongsri
Phra Boromarajininat
(Queen Regent)		 1 January 1864
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam		 Around 1878 23 October 1910
Husband's death		 20 October 1919
Phaya Thai Palace, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Siam
aged 56		 7 sons and 2 daughters, 5 surviving King Rama V
(Mother of Rama VI and Rama VII)
Indrasakdi Sachi Somdet Phra Nangchao Indrasakdi Sachi
Phra Boromarajini		 10 June 1902
Phasi Charoen, Bangkok, Siam		 10 June 1921 1 January 1922
Appointed		 15 November 1925
Demoted to the rank of Princess consort		 30 November 1975
Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, Thailand
aged 73		 (None) King Rama VI
Rambai Barni Somdet Phra Nangchao Rambai Barni
Phra Boromarajini		 20 December 1904
Bangkok, Siam		 25 August 1918 25 November 1925
Husband's coronation		 2 March 1935
Husband's abdication		 22 May 1984
Sukhothai Palace, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
aged 79		 (None) King Rama VII
Sirikit Somdet Phra Nangchao Sirikit
Phra Boromarajininat
(Queen Regent)		 12 August 1932
Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Siam		 28 April 1950 13 October 2016
Husband's death		 Living: aged 92 Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya
Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn
Princess Sirindhorn
Princess Chulabhorn Walailak		 King Rama IX
(Mother of Rama X)
House of Chakri Somdet Phra Boromarajini
Suthida		 3 June 1978
Bangkok, Thailand		 1 May 2019 Incumbent Living: aged 46 King Rama X

Family tree

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Main article: Thai monarchs' family tree
Chakri Dynasty Family Tree
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Cadet houses

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Main article: Ratchasakun

Royal houses

Viceregal houses

See also

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Royal Gazette, Announcement of the appointment of Prince Vajirunhis to the Crown Prince of Siam (Thai), Volume 3, Chapter 44, 1 March 1886, page 368
  3. ↑ Royal Gazette, The Investiture of Crown Prince Maha Vajiravudh (Thai), Volume 11, Chapter 63, 20 January 1895, page 346
  4. ↑ Royal Gazette, Royal Decree announcing the Investiture of Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn (Thai), Volume 89, Chapter 200 (ก), Special Edition, 28 December 1972, Page 1
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

— Royal house —
Chakri Dynasty
Founding year: 1782
Preceded by Ruling Dynasty of the
Kingdom of Thailand
(Kingdom of Siam)
6 April 1782−present day		 Incumbent

Script error: The function "top" does not exist.

Script error: The function "bottom" does not exist.
Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Chakri_dynasty&oldid=725919748"