2016 in paleontology
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Paleontology, palaeontology or palæontology (from Greek: paleo, "ancient"; ontos, "being"; and logos, "knowledge") is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because mankind has encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2016.
Contents
- 1 Plants
- 2 Cnidarians
- 3 Arthropods
- 4 Brachiopods
- 5 Molluscs
- 6 Echinoderms
- 7 Conodonts
- 8 Fishes
- 9 Amphibians
- 10 Lepidosaurs
- 11 Ichthyosauromorphs
- 12 Sauropterygians
- 13 Turtles
- 14 Archosauriformes
- 15 Other reptiles
- 16 Synapsids
- 17 Other animals
- 18 Other organisms
- 19 References
Plants
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Cnidarians
Research
- Yunnanoascus haikouensis, previously thought to be a member of Ctenophora, is reinterpreted as a crown-group medusozoan by Han et al. (2016).[2]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
In press |
Wright, Plusquellec & Gourvennec |
Devonian (Eifelian) |
An operculate coral belonging to the family Calceolidae; a species of Calceola. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Denayer |
Carboniferous (Tournaisian) |
A rugose coral belonging to the family Bothrophyllidae; a species of Caninophyllum. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Tang et al. |
A member of Hydrozoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Eoaequorea xingi. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Löser |
Cretaceous (late Valanginian to Santonian) |
Austria |
A stony coral belonging to the family Siderastreidae. The type species is "Siderastrea" cuyleri Wells (1932); genus also includes "Phyllocoenia" cotteaui Orbigny (1850), "Diploastrea" crassa Kuzmicheva (1980), "Diploastrea" crassicostata Morycowa & Masse (1998), "Phyllocoenia" cyclops Felix (1891), "Confusastrea" dollfusi Prever (1909), "Confusastrea" felixi Prever (1909); "Stephanocoenia" grandipora Orbigny (1849), "Diploastrea" harrisi Wells (1932), "Diploastrea" hilli Wells (1933), "Montastraea" nagaoi Eguchi (1951), "Placocoenia" orbitoides Eguchi (1951), "Pleurocora" reussi Milne Edwards (1857), "Diplocoenia" splendida Prever (1909), "Placocoenia" tanohataensis Eguchi (1951), "Diploastrea" vaughani Wells (1933) and "Plesiofavia" villaltai Reig Oriol (1991). |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Berkowski, Zapalski & Wrzołek |
Devonian (Famennian) |
A coral belonging to the group Rugosa and the family Campophyllidae. The type species is Famastraea catenata. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Melnikova & Roniewicz |
Early Jurassic |
A stony coral. The type species is Fungiaphyllia communis. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
In press |
Wright, Plusquellec & Gourvennec |
Early Devonian (likely late Lochkovian to early Pragian) |
An operculate coral belonging to the family Calceolidae; a new genus for "Calceola" gervillei Bayle (1878). |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Melnikova & Roniewicz |
Early Jurassic |
A stony coral, a species of Guembelastraea. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tang et al. |
A member of Hydrozoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a species of Kullingia. |
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?Michelinia vinni[9] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek |
Devonian (late Famennian) |
A tabulate coral belonging to the family Micheliniidae; possibly a species of Michelinia. |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Melnikova & Roniewicz |
Early Jurassic |
A stony coral, a species of Oppelismilia. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Löser |
A stony coral belonging to the family Siderastreidae; a new genus for "Thamnasteria" exigua Reuss (1854). |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Melnikova & Roniewicz |
Early Jurassic |
A stony coral, a species of Parepismilia. |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Melnikova & Roniewicz |
Early Jurassic |
A stony coral, a species of Parepismilia. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Coen-Aubert |
Devonian (late Frasnian) |
Belgium |
A rugose coral belonging to the family Phillipsastreidae. The type species is "Cyathophyllum" ananas Goldfuss (1826); genus also includes "Pseudoacervularia" dybowskii Różkowska (1953), "Pseudoacervularia" intercellulosa (Phillips, 1841) sensu Pickett (1967), "Schlüteria" lyskovensis Ermakova (1957), "Acervularia" macrommata Roemer (1855), "Phillipsastrea" plantana Różkowska (1979), "Cyathophyllum" profundum Michelin (1845), "Phillipsastrea" rozkowskae Scrutton (1968), "Pseudoacervularia" cf. smithi (Różkowska, 1953) sensu Pickett (1967), "Phillipsastrea" ananas veserensis Coen-Aubert (1974) and "Phillipsastrea" zerda Galle, 1992 in Hladil et al. (1992). |
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Sokolovia[11] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Junior homonym |
Tsyganko |
Late Devonian (Famennian) |
A tabulate coral belonging to the family Pachyporidae. The type species is Sokolovia pershinae. The generic name is preoccupied by Sokolovia Ilovaisky (1934) and Sokolovia Shishkinskaya (1964). |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Weyer |
Devonian (late Frasnian) |
A member of Rugosa belonging to the family Petraiidae. The type species is Spinaxon potyi. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek |
Devonian (late Famennian) |
A tabulate coral belonging to the family Syringoporidae; a species of Syringopora. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek |
Devonian (late Famennian) |
A tabulate coral belonging to the family Syringoporidae; a species of Syringopora. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Peel & McDermott |
Ordovician (Katian) |
Sholeshook Limestone Formation |
A solitary coral. The type species is Talfania calicula. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek |
Devonian (late Famennian) |
A tabulate coral belonging to the family Pachyporidae; a species of Thamnoptychia. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
In press |
Denayer & Ogar |
Carboniferous (Viséan) |
A colonial rugose coral; a new genus for "Lithostrotion" columnariformis Vassiljuk (1960). |
Arthropods
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Brachiopods
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Copper |
An atrypoid brachiopod; a replacement name for Cerasina Copper (1995) (preoccupied). |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tazawa |
Permian (Wordian) |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Benedetto & Muñoz |
Early Ordovician |
A plectorthoid brachiopod. A new genus for "Nanorthis" calderensis Benedetto (2007); genus also includes "Nanorthis" bastamensis Ghobadi Pour, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Popov (2011). |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Angiolini et al. |
Permian |
The type species is G. insolita. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Baranov & Blodgett |
Devonian (Pragian) |
Soda Creek Limestone |
A member of Strophomenida belonging to the subfamily Mesodouvillininae. The type species is Harperoides alaskensis. |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Angiolini et al. |
Permian |
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Iridistrophia (Flabellistrophia)[20] |
Subgen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Jansen |
Devonian |
A subgenus of Iridistrophia. The subgenus includes new species Iridistrophia (Flabellistrophia) musculosa. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tazawa |
Permian (Wordian) |
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Kjaerina (Kjaerina) gondwanensis[21] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Colmenar |
Gabian Formation |
A rafinesquinid strophomenid brachiopod, a species of Kjaerina. |
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Kjaerina (Villasina)[21] |
Subgen. et 3 sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Colmenar |
Ordovician (Katian) |
Cavá Formation |
A rafinesquinid strophomenid brachiopod, a subgenus of Kjaerina. The type species of the subgenus is Kjaerina (Villasina) pedronaensis; the subgenus also contains "Hedstroemina" almadenensis Villas (1995), as well as new species Kjaerina (Villasina) meloui and Kjaerina (Villasina) pyrenaica. |
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Gen. et comb. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Benedetto & Muñoz |
Early Ordovician |
A plectorthoid brachiopod. A new genus for "Eoorthis" bifurcata Harrington (1937); genus also includes "Nanorthis" brachymyaria Benedetto in Benedetto & Carrasco (2002), as well as new species Lampazarorthis alata. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
He & Chen in He et al. |
Middle Triassic (early Anisian) |
A relative of Mentzelia and Paramentzelia. The type species is Liaous shaiwensis. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Taboada et al. |
A member of Productida belonging to the family Auriculispinidae, a species of Lyonia. |
|||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Earp |
Early Devonian |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bitner & Motchurova-Dekova |
Miocene (Badenian) |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Streng et al. |
Cambrian |
A member of Rhynchonelliformea belonging to the class Obolellata and the order Naukatida. The type species is Nasakia thulensis. |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Mao et al. |
Cambrian |
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Paraspirifer (Laurentispirifer)[20] |
Subgen. nov |
In press |
Jansen |
Devonian |
A subgenus of Paraspirifer. |
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Paraspirifer (Mosellospirifer)[20] |
Subgen. nov |
In press |
Jansen |
Devonian |
A subgenus of Paraspirifer. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Baranov & Blodgett |
Devonian (Pragian) |
Soda Creek Limestone |
A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Pygmaellidae. The type species is Pedderia fragosa. |
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Rafinesquina (Mesogeina)[21] |
Subgen. et comb. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Colmenar |
Ordovician (Katian) |
Bohdalec Formation |
A rafinesquinid strophomenid brachiopod, a subgenus of Rafinesquina. The type species of the subgenus is "Leptaena" pseudoloricata Barrande (1848); the subgenus also includes Rafinesquina pomoides Havlíček (1971), as well as new species Rafinesquina (Mesogeina) gabianensis and Rafinesquina (Mesogeina) loredensis. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tazawa |
Permian (Wordian) |
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Gen. nov |
In press |
Jansen |
Devonian |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Zhang et al. |
Cambrian |
A linguloid brachiopod. The type species is Spinobolus popovi. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Earp |
Early Devonian |
A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Filispiriferidae. The type species is Tapongaspirifer melodiae. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
In press |
Earp |
Early Devonian |
A possible member of Devonochonetinae. The type species is "Chonetes" taggertyensis Gill (1945) from the Montys Hut Formation; genus also contains second, unnamed species from the Norton Gully Sandstone. |
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Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Huang et al. |
Silurian |
An atrypoid brachiopod. The type species is Thulatrypa gregaria; genus also contains "Meifodia" orientalis Rong, Xu & Yang (1974). |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Streng et al. |
Cambrian |
A member of Rhynchonelliformea belonging to the class Obolellata and the order Naukatida. The type species is Tomteluva perturbata. |
Molluscs
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Echinoderms
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Konieczyński, Pisera & Fózy |
Early Cretaceous |
A cyrtocrinid crinoid, a species of Apsidocrinus. |
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Gen. et comb. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Abdelhamid, El Qot & Abdelghany |
Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian) |
A heterodiadematid sea urchin. The type species is "Trochodiadema" dhofarense Roman (1991); genus also includes new species Arabicodiadema alii. |
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Ateleocystites? lansae[32] |
Sp. nov |
In press |
McDermott & Paul |
Ordovician (Katian) |
Slade and Redhill Beds |
A mitrate belonging to the family Anomalocystitidae, possibly a species of Ateleocystites. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kallmeyer & Ausich |
Ordovician (Katian) |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Abdelhamid, El Qot & Abdelghany |
Cretaceous (Aptian-Cenomanian) |
A heterodiadematid sea urchin. The type species is "Pseudodiadema" libanoticum de Loriol (1887); genus also includes Loriolidiadema sculptile (de Loriol, 1887). |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Stara, Borghi & Kroh |
Miocene (Aquitanian to early Burdigalian) |
A heart urchin belonging to the superfamily Spatangoidea, a species of Mariania. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Stara, Borghi & Kroh |
Miocene (late Burdigalian to early Langhian) |
A heart urchin belonging to the superfamily Spatangoidea, a species of Mariania. |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Hess, Etter & Hagdorn |
Late Triassic (early Carnian) |
A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida, a species of Osteocrinus. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Rozhnov |
Ordovician |
A crinoid belonging to the group Inadunata, a species of Pentamerocrinus. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Konieczyński, Pisera & Fózy |
Early Cretaceous |
A cyrtocrinid crinoid, a species of Phyllocrinus. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Zamora et al. |
Cambrian (Furongian) |
A stemmed echinoderm. The type species is Sanducystis sinensis. |
Conodonts
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
In press |
Voldman & Albanesi in Voldman et al. |
Early Ordovician |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Kiliç |
Triassic |
Kayabaşı Limestone |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Voldman & Albanesi in Voldman et al. |
Early Ordovician |
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Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Devonian (Frasnian/Famennian boundary) |
A subspecies of Icriodus praealternatus. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Devonian (early Famennian) |
A species of Icriodus. |
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Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Devonian (early Famennian) |
A subspecies of Icriodus stenoancylus. |
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Sp. nov |
In press |
Hogancamp, Barrick & Strauss |
Carboniferous (early Gzhelian) |
A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Idiognathodontidae, a species of Idiognathodus. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Devonian (early Famennian) |
A species of Neopolygnathus. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Chen et al. |
Early Triassic |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Chen et al. |
Early Triassic |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Devonian (early Famennian) |
Possibly a species of Polygnathus. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
In press |
Voldman & Albanesi in Voldman et al. |
Early Ordovician |
A new genus for "Trapezognathus" primitivus Voldman, Albanesi & Zeballo in Voldman et al. (2013); genus also includes "Trapezognathus" argentinensis Rao et al. (1994) |
Fishes
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Amphibians
Research
- A study on the locomotor capabilities of Triadobatrachus massinoti is published by Lires, Soto & Gómez (2016).[43]
- The first unambiguous frog fossil from the Jurassic of Asia (an atlantal centrum of a possible member of the genus Eodiscoglossus) is described from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Itat Formation (Russia) by Skutschas, Martin & Krasnolutskii (2016).[44]
New taxa
Temnospondyls
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Witzmann, Sachs & Nyhuis |
Late Triassic (middle Carnian) |
A mastodonsauroid temnospondyl, a species of Cyclotosaurus. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid[47] |
Pacheco et al. |
Permian (early Guadalupian) |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Novikov |
Early Triassic |
The type species is S. bjerringi. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Novikov |
Early Triassic |
|||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Dahoumane et al. |
Early-Middle Triassic |
Zarzaïtine Series, Illizi Basin |
A mastodonsauroid temnospondyl, a species of Stanocephalosaurus. |
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Gen. et comb. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Novikov |
Early Triassic |
Genus includes "Wetlugasaurus" samarensis Sennikov (1981), as well as new species S. morkovini. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu |
Middle Triassic (Anisian) |
A mastodonsauroid temnospondyl, a species of Yuanansuchus. |
Lissamphibians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ikeda, Ota & Matsui |
Early Cretaceous |
Sasayama Group |
A frog. The type species is Hyogobatrachus wadai. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Skutschas |
Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) |
A salamander, a species of Kiyatriton. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gómez |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian–early Maastrichtian) |
A member of Pipidae. The type species is Kuruleufenia xenopoides. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Tissier, Rage, Boistel, Fernandez, Pollet, Garcia and Laurin |
Eocene |
A salamander. The type species is Phosphotriton sigei. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Chen et al. |
Paleocene |
A member of Scaphiopodidae. The type species is Prospea holoserisca. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Jia & Gao |
Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) |
A basal member of Salamandroidea. The type species is Qinglongtriton gangouensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ikeda, Ota & Matsui |
Early Cretaceous |
Sasayama Group |
A frog. The type species is Tambabatrachus kawazu. |
Lepidosaurs
Lizards
Research
- Twelve specimens of lizards (including stem-gekkotans, crown-agamids, a lacertoid, a stem-chamaeleonid and squamates of uncertain phylogenetic placement, probably stem-squamates) are described from the Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian boundary) amber from Myanmar by Daza et al. (2016).[57]
- A study of almost 30 specimens of Polyglyphanodon sternbergi, including almost complete skeletons, is published by Simões et al. (2016), who report the discovery of previously unrecognized ontogenetic series, sexual dimorphism and a complete lower temporal bar in the skull of members of this species.[58]
- New anatomical data on the Late Cretaceous lizard Slavoia darevskii is published by Tałanda (2016), who interprets it as a stem-amphisbaenian.[59]
- A redescription of the mosasaur Hainosaurus bernardi Dollo (1885) is published by Jimenez-Huidobro & Caldwell (2016), who transfer this species to the genus Tylosaurus and synonymize genera Tylosaurus and Hainosaurus.[60]
- A revision of the species assigned to the mosasaur genus Tylosaurus is published by Jiménez-Huidobro, Simões & Caldwell (2016).[61]
- A redescription of Mosasaurus hoffmannii based on examination of many specimens is published by Street & Caldwell (2016), who also provide emended diagnoses for both the genus Mosasaurus and its type species M. hoffmannii.[62]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Čerňanský, Klembara & Smith |
Early Miocene |
A member of Lacertidae; a new genus for "Ophisaurus" ulmensis Gerhardt (1903). |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
In press |
Čerňanský, Klembara & Műller |
Oligocene |
A member of Anguidae. A new genus for "Dopasia" coderetensis Augé (2005); genus also includes "Dopasia" frayssensis Augé (2005). |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Longrich |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
A mosasaur, a species of Pluridens. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Stocker & Kirk |
Eocene |
A rhineurid amphisbaenian. The type species is Solastella cookei. |
Snakes
Research
- A redescription of the Cenomanian snake Simoliophis rochebrunei on the basis of new fossil material from France is published by Rage, Vullo & Néraudeau (2016).[67]
- McNamara et al. (2016) describe pigment cells responsible for coloration and patterning preserved in a fossil skin of a colubrid snake from the Late Miocene Libros Lagerstätte (Teruel, Spain).[68]
- New fossil material of the viperid Laophis crotaloides is described from Greece by Georgalis et al. (2016).[69]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Albino, Carrillo-Briceño & Neenan |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) |
A snake of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is L. aquaticus. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Scanferla, Smith & Schaal |
Eocene |
A member of Boidae. A new genus for "Messelophis" ermannorum Schaal & Baszio (2004). |
Ichthyosauromorphs
Research
- A study of taxonomic richness, disparity and evolutionary rates of ichthyosaurs throughout the Cretaceous period is published by Fischer et al. (2016).[72]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Jiang et al. |
Early Triassic (Olenekian) |
A basal member of Ichthyosauriformes. The type species is S. parviceps. |
Sauropterygians
Research
- A reassessment of fossils attributed to the genus Polyptychodon is published by Madzia (2016), who considers the type species of this genus, P. interruptus, to be nomen dubium, and the genus Polyptychodon to be a wastebasket taxon.[74]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Otero et al. |
Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) |
An aristonectine elasmosaurid plesiosaur. The type species is Alexandronectes zealandiensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cheng et al. |
Middle Triassic (Anisian) |
A non-pistosauroid eosauropterygian of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Dawazisaurus brevis. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
In press |
O'Gorman |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian–early Maastrichtian) |
An elasmosaurid plesiosaur. The type species is "Trinacromerum" lafquenianum Gasparini & Goñi (1985). |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Klein et al. |
Middle Triassic (Anisian) |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Páramo et al. |
Early Cretaceous (late Barremian) |
A pliosaurid plesiosaur. The type species is Stenorhynchosaurus munozi. |
Turtles
Research
- A study of the bone histology of shell elements of the Late Cretaceous—Paleocene chelid Yaminuechelys is published by Jannello, Cerda & de la Fuente (2016).[80]
- A review of the fossil record, taxonomy and diagnostic features of the fossil species belonging to the genus Chelus is published by Ferreira et al. (2016).[81]
- Fossils of Plesiochelys etalloni and Tropidemys langii, otherwise known from the Kimmeridgian of the Swiss and French Jura Mountains, are described from the British Kimmeridge Clay by Anquetin & Chapman (2016).[82]
- New fossil material of Jiangxichelys ganzhouensis is described by Tong et al. (2016), who also transfer the species "Zangerlia" neimongolensis to the genus Jiangxichelys.[83]
- An emended diagnosis of Testudo catalaunica and a study of phylogeny of extinct members of the genus Testudo is published by Luján et al. (2016).[84]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tong et al. |
Middle Paleocene |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Szczygielski & Sulej |
Late Triassic |
A member of Proterochersidae. The type species is Keuperotesta limendorsa. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bourque |
Miocene (Clarendonian) |
A mud turtle. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bourque |
Miocene (Clarendonian) |
A mud turtle. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bourque |
Miocene (late Barstovian) |
A mud turtle. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bourque |
Miocene (Clarendonian) |
A mud turtle. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Szczygielski & Sulej |
Late Triassic |
A member of Proterochersidae. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Brinkman et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian and early Maastrichtian) |
A stem-kinosternid. The type species is Yelmochelys rosarioae. |
Archosauriformes
Basal archosauriforms
Research
- A study of the phylogenetic relationships of the archosauriforms traditionally assigned to the family Euparkeriidae is published by Sookias (2016).[89]
- A study of the phylogenetic relationships of archosauromorph reptiles, with an emphasis on the phylogenetic relationships of proterosuchids and erythrosuchids, is published by Ezcurra (2016).[90]
Pseudosuchians
Research
- A study of the skull anatomy of the ornithosuchid Riojasuchus tenuisceps is published by von Baczko & Desojo (2016).[91]
- New fossil material from the Triassic (Ladinian or earliest Carnian) Pinheiros-Chiniquá Sequence of the Santa Maria Supersequence in Brazil attributed to the rauisuchian species Prestosuchus chiniquensis is described by Lacerda et al. (2016).[92]
- Description of postcranial skeletons of three specimens of the sphagesaurid Caipirasuchus (representing Caipirasuchus montealtensis, Caipirasuchus paulistanus and Caipirasuchus sp.) is published by Iori, Carvalho & Marinho (2016).[93]
- Fossils of the dyrosaurid crocodylomorph Hyposaurus are described from the Late Cretaceous Shendi Formation of Sudan by Salih et al. (2016).[94]
- The first unambiguous Middle Jurassic atoposaurid fossil (a dentary from the Isle of Skye, Scotland, United Kingdom, referred to Theriosuchus sp.) is described by Young et al. (2016).[95]
- A histological study of a specimen of Susisuchus anatoceps is published by Sayão et al. (2016).[96]
- New fossil material of Allodaposuchus precedens is described from the Late Cretaceous of France by Martin et al. (2016).[97]
- Fossil mekosuchine vertebrae, tentatively assigned to Mekosuchus whitehunterensis, are described from Riversleigh (Australia) by Stein, Archer & Hand (2016), who interpret them as confirming that even adult specimens of this species were smaller in snout-vent length than adults of extant small crocodilian species belonging to the genera Paleosuchus and Osteolaemus, and indicating that this species employed feeding behaviours that were unusual for crocodilians.[98]
- Partial skeleton of the Chinese alligator is described from the late Pliocene of western Japan by Iijima, Takahashi & Kobayashi (2016).[99]
- A study on the osteology of alligator fossils from the late Miocene Moss Acres Racetrack locality in Marion County, Florida and the phylogenetic placement of the alligators these fossils belonged to within the genus Alligator is published by Whiting, Steadman & Vliet (2016).[100]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
In press |
Narváez et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian–Maastrichtian) |
A member of Allodaposuchidae. Genus includes new species Agaresuchus fontisensis, as well as “Allodaposuchus” subjuniperus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Barrios, Paulina-Carabajal & Bona |
Late Cretaceous |
Cerro Lisandro Formation |
A peirosaurid crocodyliform. The type species is Bayomesasuchus hernandezi. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Salas-Gismondi et al. |
Miocene |
A member of Gryposuchinae, a species of Gryposuchus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Jouve |
Eocene (late Lutetian) |
A member of Tomistominae, a species of Kentisuchus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Fiorelli et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian?) |
A notosuchian crocodyliform. The type species is Llanosuchus tamaensis. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Fanti et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A teleosaurid crocodylomorph, a species of Machimosaurus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lio et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Turonian–Coniacian) |
A peirosaurid crocodylomorph. The type species is Patagosuchus anielensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Parker |
Late Triassic (middle Norian) |
An aetosaur. The type species is Scutarx deltatylus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Stein, Hand & Archer |
Late Oligocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
A member of Mekosuchinae. The type species is U. willisi. |
Basal dinosauromorphs
Research
- Marsicano et al. (2016) date the Chañares Formation, containing fossils of non-dinosaurian dinosauromorphs Lagerpeton, Lewisuchus, Marasuchus and Pseudolagosuchus, to early Carnian (236–234 Ma), 5–10 million years younger than previously thought. On this basis the authors postulate that the origin of dinosaurs was a relatively rapid event, as the transition from vertebrate communities containing only non-dinosaurian dinosauromorphs to communities containing the first dinosaurs occurred in less than a 5-million year interval.[110]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Martínez et al. |
Late Triassic (Norian) |
A lagerpetid dinosauromorph, a species of Dromomeron. |
Non-avian dinosaurs
Research
- An assessment of methods used to the determine the ontogenetic status of non-avian dinosaur specimens is published by Hone, Farke & Wedel (2016).[112]
- A study of the evolutionary dynamics of speciation and extinction through time in Mesozoic dinosaurs is published by Sakamoto, Benton & Venditti (2016).[113]
- A study of osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Elaphrosaurus bambergi is published by Rauhut & Carrano (2016).[114]
- A new specimen of Velocisaurus unicus is described by Brissón Egli, Agnolín & Novas (2016).[115]
- A study on the validity of the theropod genus Altispinax is published by Maisch (2016).[116]
- Six isolated spinosaurid quadrates, most likely coming from the Kem Kem Beds, are described by Hendrickx, Mateus & Buffetaut (2016), who interpret the differences in their anatomy as confirming the presence of two spinosaurine taxa in the Cenomanian of North Africa, rather than only one (Spinosaurus aegyptiacus).[117]
- A study of the phylogenetic relationships of tyrannosauroid theropods is published by Brusatte and Carr (2016).[118]
- Medullary bone homologous with one present in living birds is identified in a specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex by Schweitzer et al. (2016).[119]
- New specimens of Elmisaurus rarus are described from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia by Currie, Funston & Osmólska (2016).[120]
- New specimens of Leptorhynchos elegans and Leptorhynchos sp. are described from the Late Cretaceous of Canada by Funston, Currie & Burns (2016).[121]
- A study of the morphological disparity of teeth of maniraptoran theropods living during the last 18 million years of the Cretaceous is published by Larson, Brown and Evans (2016).[122]
- A study of the evolution of whole-body shape and body segment properties of sauropod dinosaurs is published by Bates et al. (2016).[123]
- Gallina (2016) argues that Amargatitanis macni, initially considered to be a titanosaur, is actually a dicraeosaurid.[124]
- A study on divergence dates and ancestral ranges of Titanosauria is published by Gorscak & O‘Connor (2016).[125]
- Osteoma and hemangioma are documented for the first time in a vertebra of a titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil by de Souza Barbosa et al. (2016).[126]
- A study of the skull anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Tapuiasaurus macedoi is published by Wilson et al. (2016).[127]
- A juvenile specimen of Rapetosaurus krausei is described by Curry Rogers et al. (2016).[128]
- Well-vascularised endosteally formed bone tissue is reported in the saltasaurine titanosaurs by Chinsamy, Cerda & Powell (2016), who argue that additional evidence is required to determine whether vascularised endosteal bone tissues reported in extinct archosaurs are medullary bone or just a pathological bone.[129]
- New specimens of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus are described by Barrett et al. (2016).[130]
- A redescription of the postcranial material of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus is published by Baron, Norman & Barrett (2016), who argue that Stormbergia dangershoeki is most likely a junior synonym of L. diagnosticus.[131]
- A description of the braincase anatomy of Pawpawsaurus campbelli based on CT scans is published by Paulina-Carabajal, Lee & Jacobs (2016).[132]
- A new specimen of Haya griva is described from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia by Norell & Barta (2016).[133]
- Isolated teeth of large-bodied iguanodontians are described from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Tunisia by Fanti et al. (2016).[134]
- A revision of the original diagnosis of Willinakaqe salitralensis and of fossil material attributed to this species is published by Cruzado Caballero and Coria (2016), who argue that the fossils attributed to Willinakaqe salitralensis might represent more than a single taxon of hadrosaurid and that all characters of the original diagnosis are invalid.[135]
- Large ornithopod (probably hadrosaurid) tracks, assigned to the ichnogenus Hadrosauropodus, are described from the Maastrichtian-Danian Yacoraite Formation of Argentina by Díaz-Martínez, de Valais & Cónsole-Gonella (2016).[136]
- A restudy of the fossil material attributed to Stegoceras novomexicanum is published by Williamson & Brusatte (2016).[137]
- A study of the frill bones of Protoceratops andrewsi, indicating that its frill increased in length and width during the ontogeny of the animal and that the growth of the frill was greater than the overall growth of the animal, is published by Hone, Wood & Knell (2016), who interpret these findings as indicating that Protoceratops most likely used its frill for sexual and social dominance signaling.[138]
- A revision of the species assigned to the genus Chasmosaurus is published by Campbell et al. (2016).[139]
- Forelimb studies show Oryctodromeus was extremely adapted for an underground lifestyle (2016).[140]
- A group of paleontologists discovered the remains of what is the smallest specimen of Pachycephalosaurus to date. The specimen also casts doubt on the validity of Dracorex and Stygimoloch (2016).[141][142]
- A study was done on the skulls of Majungasaurus and revealed changes throughout the life cycle of this dinosaur (2016).[143]
- A study was conducted on the skeleton of Nasutoceratops and revealed that it and Avaceratops belonged to a completely new group of centrosaurines (2016).[144]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Late Jurassic |
A stegosaur; a new genus for "Stegosaurus" longispinus Gilmore (1914). This species was previously made the type species of the new genus Natronasaurus by Ulansky (2014); however, Galton & Carpenter (2016) claim it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.[145] |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Funston & Currie |
Late Cretaceous |
A caenagnathid theropod. The type species is Apatoraptor pennatus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Xu et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid ornithopod. The type species is Datonglong tianzhenensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Martill et al. |
Early Jurassic (Hettangian) |
Blue Lias Formation |
A basal member of Neotheropoda. The type species is Dracoraptor hanigani. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Prieto-Marquez, Erickson & Ebersole |
Late Cretaceous (latest Santonian) |
A hadrosaurid ornithopod. The type species is Eotrachodon orientalis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Azuma et al. |
A member of Maniraptora of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Fukuivenator paradoxus. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lund et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A centrosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Machairoceratops cronusi. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Peyre de Fabrègues & Allain |
Late Triassic |
Lower Elliot Formation |
A non-sauropod sauropodomorph. The type species is "Melanorosaurus" thabanensis Gauffre (1993). |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Rozadilla et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
An iguanodontian ornithopod. The type species is Morrosaurus antarcticus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
González Riga et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Coniacian–early Santonian) |
A titanosaur sauropod. The type species is Notocolossus gonzalezparejasi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Martínez et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) |
A titanosaur sauropod, a basal member of Lithostrotia. The type species is Sarmientosaurus musacchioi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Mallon et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Spiclypeus shipporum. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Brusatte et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Turonian) |
A non-tyrannosaurid tyrannosauroid. The type species is Timurlengia euotica. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Serrano-Brañas et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
An ornithomimid theropod. The type species is Tototlmimus packardensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Filippi et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Santonian) |
A brachyrostran abelisaurid theropod. The type species is Viavenator exxoni. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Wang et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) |
A basal member of Hadrosauroidea. The type species is Zuoyunlong huangi. |
Birds
Research
- A study on the rates of morphological evolution in Early Cretaceous birds is published by Wang and Lloyd (2016).[162]
- A skeleton of an enantiornithine bird preserving a gastric pellet that includes fish bones is described from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of China by Wang, Zhou & Sullivan (2016).[163]
- A new specimen of the Early Cretaceous species Archaeorhynchus spathula is described by Wang and Zhou (2016).[164]
- A phylogenetic analysis of Hesperornithiformes is published by Bell & Chiappe (2016).[165]
- A specimen of Hesperornis with a healed wound is described from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale (South Dakota, United States) by Martin, Rothschild & Burnham (2016), who interpret the wound as caused by an unsuccessful attack of a polycotylid plesiosaur.[166]
- A study on the species richness, taxonomic diversity and presumed ecological characteristics of the Eocene avifauna of the Messel fossil site is published by Mayr (2016).[167]
- Worthy et al. (2016) argue that Sylviornis neocaledoniae is a stem-galliform related to Megavitiornis altirostris and both are placed in the Sylviornithidae Mourer-Chauviré et Balouet, 2005.[168]
- A revision of the systematics of the early Eocene North American members of Geranoididae is published by Mayr (2016), who argues that geranoidids might be stem group representatives of the Gruoidea (the clade including trumpeters, cranes and related birds).[169]
- Zelenkov, Boev & Lazaridis (2016) reinterpret Otis hellenica from the Miocene of Greece, originally thought to be a bustard, as a member of Gruiformes belonging to the family Eogruidae and the subfamily Ergilornithinae; the authors classify it as a possible member of the genus Amphipelargus of uncertain specific assignment ("?Amphipelargus sp.").[170]
- Zelenkov, Volkova and Gorobets (2016) describe buttonquail fossils from the late Miocene of Hungary, southern Ukraine and northern Kazakhstan, and transfer the species Calidris janossyi Kessler (2009) to the genus Ortyxelos.[171]
- Agnolin, Tomassini and Contreras (2016) describe a distal end of tarsometatarsus from the late Miocene levels of the Loma de Las Tapias Formation (San Juan Province, Argentina), identified as the oldest seedsnipe fossil discovered so far.[172]
- Body mass estimates for 25 extinct pan-alcids and a study of body mass evolution in Pan-Alcidae are published by Smith (2016).[173]
- Park et al., 2016 The description of recently collected penguin fossils from the re-dated upper Miocene Port Campbell Limestone of Portland (Victoria), in addition to reanalysis of previously described material, has allowed the Cenozoic history of penguins in Australia to be placed into a global context for the first time. Australian pre-Quaternary fossil penguins represent stem taxa phylogenetically disparate from each other and Eudyptula minor, implying multiple dispersals and extinctions. [174]
- A new skeleton of the Eocene penguin Palaeeudyptes klekowskii is described from the Submeseta Formation (Seymour Island, Antarctica) by Acosta Hospitaleche (2016).[175]
- A study of eggshell fragments from the Pleistocene of Australia putatively referred to Genyornis newtoni is published by Grellet-Tinner, Spooner & Worthy (2016), who argue that these fossils are more likely to be remains of eggs laid by megapodes. Based on the similarities in the structure of eggshells of megapodes and dromornithids, the authors also hypothezise that dromornithids might be a sister group to galliforms rather than to or within anseriforms.[176]
- A study of burnt putative Genyornis eggshell fragments from the Pleistocene of Australia is published by Miller et al. (2016), who interpret them as confirming that eggs of Genyornis newtoni were harvested by humans.[177]
- Gastornithid and presbyornithid fossils are described from the early Eocene of Ellesmere Island (Canada) by Stidham & Eberle (2016).[178]
- The genus Wilaru, initially considered to be of a stone-curlew, is reinterpreted as a member of Presbyornithidae by De Pietri et al. (2016); the authors also reassess the Cretaceous species Teviornis gobiensis and confirm it as a member of Presbyornithidae.[179]
- New fossil remains of the Eocene cuckoo Chambicuculus pusillus are described from Tunisia by Mourer-Chauviré et al. (2016).[180]
- Virtual cranial endocast of the dodo is described by Gold, Bourdon & Norell (2016).[181]
- A new tracksite with bird footprints (attributed to the ichnospecies Uvaichnites riojana), preserved in the early Miocene Lerín Formation (Bardenas Reales de Navarra Natural Park, Navarre, Spain), is described by Díaz-Martínez et al. (2016).[182]
- An avian egg from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Liangtoutang Formation is described by Lawver et al. (2016) and named Pachycorioolithus jinyunensis oogen. et oosp. nov. within Pachycorioolithidae oofam. nov.[183]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov. |
In press |
Cenizo, Noriega & Reguero |
Early Eocene |
|||||
Bellulia [185] |
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Junior homonym |
Wang, Zhou & Zhou |
Early Cretaceous |
A basal member of Ornithuromorpha. The type species is B. rectusunguis. The generic name is preoccupied by Bellulia Fibiger (2008). |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Huang et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian) |
An early member of Euornithes. The type species is C. ahgmi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
O’Connor et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A member of Enantiornithes, probably belonging to the family Pengornithidae. The type species is C. magnapremaxillo. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian) |
A member of Avialae of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is C. zhengi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Mayr |
Early Eocene |
Possibly a basal member of Apodiformes. The type species is C. dimidius. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Nguyen |
Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
A sittella |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid[192] |
O'Connor, Wang & Hu |
Early Cretaceous |
A basal member of Ornithuromorpha. The type species is D. longimaxilla. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Worthy et al. |
Late Oligocene–Early Miocene |
A member of Dromornithidae |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
middle Ypresian |
A member of the family Geranoididae. The type species is G. boriensis. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Steadman & Takano |
Late Quaternary |
A member of Scolopacidae, a species of Gallinago. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Aotsuka & Sato |
A species of Hesperornis. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Mayr & Goedert |
Latest Eocene or Early Oligocene |
A member of Plotopteridae. The type species is K. abyssa |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Mayr & Goedert |
Latest Eocene or Early Oligocene |
A member of Plotopteridae. possibly a species of Klallamornis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Mayr |
Early Eocene |
A bird of uncertain phylogenetic placement, showing similarities to Foshanornis songi. The type species is L. incubarens. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A member of Enantiornithes. The type species is L. amoena. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Mayr & Goedert |
Latest Eocene or Early Oligocene |
A member of Plotopteridae. The type species is O. thieli. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Stefanini, Gómez & Tambussi |
Early Pleistocene |
An ovenbird |
||||
Nom. nov. |
Valid |
Alcover et al. |
Holocene |
A member of Rallidae, a species of Rallus; a replacement name for Rallus minutus Alcover et al. (2015) (preoccupied). |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
De Pietri et al. |
Early Miocene |
A species of Wilaru. |
Pterosaurs
Research
- New information on the braincase anatomy of Pterodaustro guinazui is published by Codorniú, Paulina-Carabajal & Gianechini (2016).[201]
Other reptiles
Research
- A revision of the systematics of the Chinese pareiasaurs is published by Benton (2016).[202]
- A study of evolution of body size of the carnivorous and herbivorous members of Captorhinidae is published by Brocklehurst (2016).[203]
- Surmik et al. (2016) describe nothosaurid and tanystropheid bones from the Triassic of Poland preserving blood-vessel-like structures enclosing organic molecules.[204]
- Two new specimens of Atopodentatus unicus are described by Chun et al. (2016), providing new information on the skull anatomy of this species and indicating that its rostrum, rather than being downturned as originally assumed, developed a hammerhead-like shape.[205]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Schultz, Langer & Montefeltro |
Middle Triassic (Ladinian) |
A rhynchosaur belonging to the group Stenaulorhynchinae. The type species is Brasinorhynchus mariantensis. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Ezcurra, Montefeltro & Butler |
Middle Triassic (Anisian) |
A rhynchosaur; a new genus for "Rhynchosaurus" brodiei Benton (1990). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Pinheiro et al. |
A member of Archosauromorpha closely related to Archosauriformes. The type species is Teyujagua paradoxa. |
Synapsids
Non-mammalian synapsids
Research
- A study of life histories and growth patterns as indicated by bone tissue microstructure and body size in members of three synapsid groups that survived Permian–Triassic extinction event (dicynodonts, therocephalians and cynodonts) and one that didn't (gorgonopsians) is published by Botha-Brink et al. (2016).[209]
- A revision of the systematics of the gorgonopsian subfamily Rubidgeinae is published by Kammerer (2016).[210]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kammerer |
Late Permian |
An early cynodont related to Charassognathus gracilis. The type species is Abdalodon diastematicus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Matsuoka, Kusuhashi & Korfe |
A member of Tritylodontidae. The type species is Montirictus kuwajimaensis. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Huttenlocker & Sidor |
Late Permian |
A therocephalian related to Karenites. The type species is Mupashi migrator. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Boos et al. |
Permian (Guadalupian/Lopingian) |
A dicynodont belonging to the group Bidentalia. The type species is R. procurvidens. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Whitney & Sidor |
Permian (Guadalupian) |
A biarmosuchian. The type species is Wantulignathus gwembensis. |
Non-eutherian mammals
Research
- A partial mandible of the amphitheriid Palaeoxonodon ooliticus, previously known only from isolated teeth, is described from the Middle Jurassic (late Bathonian) Kilmaluag Formation (Isle of Skye, Scotland, United Kingdom) by Close et al. (2016).[216]
New taxa
Metatherians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Butler et al. |
Oligocene-Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
A member of Macropodidae. Genus includes Cookeroo bulwidarri and Cookeroo hortusensis. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Chamberlain et al. |
Early Miocene |
A bandicoot. The type species is Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Oliveira, Zimicz & Goin |
Itaboraí Quarry |
A member of Jaskhadelphyidae, a species of Minusculodelphis. |
Other non-eutherian mammals
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bi et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A symmetrodont belonging to the family Zhangheotheriidae. The type species is A. luoi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Debuysschere |
Late Triassic (Rhaetian) |
A member of Kuehneotheriidae. The type species is F. necmergor. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Debuysschere |
Late Triassic (Rhaetian) |
A member of Kuehneotheriidae. |
Eutherian mammals
Research
- A study of the phylogenetic relationships of the Paleocene placental mammals is published by Halliday, Upchurch and Goswami (2016).[222]
- A study of the phylogenetic relationships of the glyptodonts within Xenarthra, indicating that the glyptodonts were nested within the armadillo crown group, is published by Delsuc et al. (2016).[223]
- New fossil material of the Pleistocene wildebeest-like bovid Rusingoryx atopocranion is described from the Rusinga Island (Kenya) by O’Brien et al. (2016), who note the presence of large, hollow, bony nasal crests in this mammal, similar to crests present in hadrosaurid dinosaurs.[224]
- A revision of the systematics of the North American members of Nimravidae is published by Barrett (2016).[225]
- A skull of Hyaenictis aff. almerai, representing the most complete European specimen of the genus, is described from the Miocene of Spain by Vinuesa et al. (2016).[226]
- A description of new fossil material of Megalictis ferox and a study of phylogenetic relationships of the oligobunine mustelids is published by Valenciano et al. (2016).[227]
- A study on the feeding strategy of the arctoid Kolponomos is published by Tseng, Grohe & Flynn (2016).[228]
- A study of phylogenetic relationships of bears belonging to the genus Arctotherium, incidating that they were more closely related to the spectacled bear than to short-faced bears, is published by Mitchell et al. (2016).[229]
- Virtual cranial endocasts of the Eocene rodents Paramys copei and Paramys delicatus are described by Bertrand, Amador-Mughal and Silcox (2016).[230]
- Fossils of the probable relative of the gorillas, Chororapithecus abyssinicus, are dated to ~8.0 Myr by Katoh et al. (2016).[231]
- Fossils of Homo floresiensis and the deposits containing them are dated to between about 100 000 and 60 000 years ago by Sutikna et al. (2016).[232]
New taxa
Xenarthrans
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Pujos et al. |
A member of Nothrotheriidae. The type species is Aymaratherium jeani. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Rincón et al. |
Early Miocene |
A mylodontoid sloth. The type species is Baraguatherium takumara. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Ciancio et al. |
Middle–late Eocene |
An armadillo belonging to the subfamily Euphractinae; a species of Parutaetus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Ciancio et al. |
Middle–late Eocene |
An armadillo of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Punatherium catamarquensis. |
Afrotherians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lambert |
Miocene (late Clarendonian) |
A gomphothere. The type species is Eurybelodon shoshanii. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Miocene |
A gomphothere, a species of Konobelodon. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Balaguer & Alba |
Eocene |
A member of Dugongidae, a species of Prototherium. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Mothé et al. |
Late Miocene |
Xihe-Lixian Basin |
A member of Mammutidae. The type species is Sinomammut tobieni. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Miocene |
A gomphothere, a species of Sinomastodon. |
Bats
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Simmons, Seiffert & Gunnell |
Eocene (Priabonian) |
An omnivorous bat belonging to the family Aegyptonycteridae. The type species is Aegyptonycteris knightae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gunnell et al. |
Miocene |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ziegler, Howarth & Simmons |
Middle Pleistocene to late Holocene |
A vesper bat. The type species is Synemporion keana. |
Odd-toed ungulates
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Koufos & Vlachou |
Miocene (early Turolian) |
A member of Equidae, a species of Hipparion. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Koufos & Vlachou |
Miocene (early Turolian) |
A member of Equidae, a species of Hipparion. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Remy, Krasovec & Marandat |
Eocene |
A member of Palaeotheriidae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Geraads et al. |
Early Miocene |
A rhinoceros, tentatively assigned to the genus Victoriaceros. |
Even-toed ungulates
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Emery, Davis & Hopkins |
Eocene (Duchesnean) |
An agriochoerid oreodont, a species of Diplobunops. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Solounias & Danowitz |
Late Miocene |
A member of Giraffidae, a species of Honanotherium. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Ducrocq et al. |
Eocene |
A diacodexeid dichobunoid. The type species is Magwetherium burmense. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Titov & Shvyreva |
Early Pleistocene (late Villafranchian) |
A species of Megaloceros. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Danowitz, Domalski & Solounias |
Early Miocene |
A member of Ruminantia, a species of Prolibytherium. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang, Li & Takeuchi |
Pliocene |
Zanda Basin |
A relative of the sheep. The type species is Protovis himalayensis. |
Cetaceans
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bisconti & Bosselaers |
Early Pliocene |
A baleen whale showing a mix of morphological characters that is intermediate between those of Eschrichtiidae and those of Balaenopteridae. The type species is Fragilicetus velponi. |
||||
Gen. et. sp. nov |
Valid |
Kimura & Barnes |
Miocene (late Aquitanian) |
A member of Allodelphinidae. The type species is Goedertius oregonensis. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lambert & Louwye |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Marx, Bosselaers & Louwye |
Miocene (late Tortonian) |
A member of Cetotheriidae, a species of Metopocetus. |
||||
Gen. et. sp. nov |
Valid |
Kimura & Barnes |
Miocene (late Burdigalian) |
A member of Allodelphinidae. The type species is Ninjadelphis ujiharai. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bebej et al. |
Eocene (Lutetian) |
A member of Remingtonocetidae. The type species is Rayanistes afer. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Tsai & Fordyce |
Oligocene (Chattian) |
A baleen whale. The type species is Whakakai waipata. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kimura & Barnes |
Miocene (late Burdigalian-early Langhian) |
A member of Allodelphinidae. |
Carnivorans
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Smith, Czaplewski & Cifelli |
Miocene (Barstovian) |
A simocyonine ailurid (a relative of the red panda), a species of Actiocyon. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Egi et al. |
Late Eocene |
A member of Feliformia. The type species is "Stenoplesictis" indigenus Dashzeveg (1996). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Smith, Czaplewski & Cifelli |
Miocene (Barstovian) |
A member of Mustelidae of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Brevimalictis chikasha. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Jasinski & Wallace |
Middle Miocene |
A member of Canidae belonging to the subfamily Borophaginae, a species of Cynarctus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Prassack |
Pliocene |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cherin et al. |
Early Pleistocene (late Villafranchian) |
An otter. The type species is Lutraeximia umbra. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Averianov et al. |
Middle-late Eocene |
A member of Nimravidae. The type species is Maofelis cantonensis. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Zhu et al. |
Early Pleistocene |
A machairodontine felid, a species of Megantereon. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Smith, Czaplewski & Cifelli |
Miocene (Barstovian) |
A member of Mustelidae of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Negodiaetictis rugatrulleum. |
Rodents
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
In press |
Verzi, Olivares & Morgan |
Early Miocene |
A stem-abrocomid, a species of Acarechimys. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
In press |
Verzi, Olivares & Morgan |
Early Miocene |
A stem-abrocomid; a new genus for "Acarechimys" constans (Ameghino, 1887). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Sallam & Seiffert |
Eocene (late Priabonian) |
A member of Phiomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Birkamys korai. |
||||
Brachyscirtetes tomidai[268] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Li |
Late Miocene |
A member of Dipodidae, a species of Brachyscirtetes. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bonilla-Salomón et al. |
Eocene |
A member of Theridomyidae, a species of Elfomys. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Li, Meng & Wang |
Late Eocene |
A member of Cricetidae, a species of Eucricetodon. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Martin |
Early Pleistocene |
Meade Basin |
A pocket gopher, a species of Geomys. |
|||
Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Wu et al. |
Late Oligocene to early Miocene |
Junggar Basin |
A dormouse related to the forest dormouse. The type species is Gliruloides zhoui; genus also includes "Vasseuromys" duplex Ünay (1994). |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Oliver & Peláez-Campomanes |
Early Miocene |
A cricetid rodent, a species of Megacricetodon. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Korth & Evander |
Miocene (early Barstovian) |
A heteromyid rodent, a species of Mioheteromys. |
||||
Mimomys chandolensis[275] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tiunov, Golenishchev & Voyta |
Late Pleistocene |
An arvicoline cricetid, a species of Mimomys. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Mörs, Tomida & Kalthoff |
Early Miocene |
A member of Castoridae. The type species is Minocastor godai. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Sallam & Seiffert |
Eocene (late Priabonian) |
A member of Phiomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Mubhammys vadumensis. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lindsay & Flynn |
Early Miocene |
A member of Cricetidae, a species of Myocricetodon. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lindsay et al. |
Oligocene |
A member of Cricetidae, a species of Paciculus. |
||||
Palaeocavia? mawka[279] |
Sp. nov |
In press |
Madozzo-Jaén & Pérez |
Late Miocene |
A member of Caviinae, possibly a species of Palaeocavia. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Li, Meng & Wang |
Late Eocene |
A member of Cricetidae, a species of Pappocricetodon. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bonilla-Salomón et al. |
Eocene |
A member of Theridomyidae, a species of Paradelomys. |
||||
Potamarchus adamiae[280] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kerber et al. |
Late Miocene |
A potamarchine dinomyid, a species of Potamarchus. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lindsay & Flynn |
Early Miocene |
A member of Cricetidae, a species of Potwarmus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lindsay & Flynn |
Late Oligocene to Early Miocene |
A member of Cricetidae, a species of Primus. |
||||
Pseudopotamarchus[280] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kerber et al. |
Late Miocene |
A potamarchine dinomyid. The type species is Pseudopotamarchus villanuevai. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
López-Antoñanzas et al. |
Early Miocene |
Middle Hatzeva Formation |
Primates
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Beard et al. |
Early Oligocene |
A species of Apidium. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ni et al. |
Early Oligocene |
A member of Eosimiidae, a species of Bahinia. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ni et al. |
Early Oligocene |
A relative of Ekgmowechashala. The type species is Gatanthropus micros. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ni et al. |
Early Oligocene |
A member of Adapiformes belonging to the family Sivaladapidae. The type species is Laomaki yunnanensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ni et al. |
Early Oligocene |
A tarsier-like primate. The type species is Oligotarsius rarus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bloch et al. |
Early Miocene |
A New World monkey, probably a member of Cebidae. The type species is Panamacebus transitus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Takai et al. |
Late Pliocene |
A gray langur. |
||||
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Ni et al. |
Early Oligocene |
A member of Adapiformes belonging to the family Sivaladapidae. The type species is Yunnanadapis folivorus; genus also includes Yunnanadapis imperator. |
Other eutherians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Erbajeva, Angelone & Alexeeva |
Miocene |
A lagomorph, a species of Amphilagus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Korth & Evander |
Miocene (early Barstovian) |
A shrew, a species of Antesorex. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Croft et al. |
Miocene (Langhian) |
A notoungulate, a species of Hegetotherium. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Korth & Evander |
Miocene (early Barstovian) |
A member of Erinaceidae, a species of Lanthanotherium. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Li et al. |
Middle Paleocene |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Chiba et al. |
Miocene |
A desmostylian. The type species is Ounalashkastylus tomidai. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Li & Ni |
Earliest Oligocene |
Lijiawa Mammalian Fossil locality |
A treeshrew related to the pen-tailed treeshrew. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Scott, Fox & Redman |
Paleocene (Puercan) |
|||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Sansalone, Kotsakis & Piras |
Pliocene to Pleistocene (Villanyian) |
A relative of the American shrew mole. A new genus for "Neurotrichus" polonicus Skoczeń (1980) and "Neurotrichus" skoczeni Zijlstra (2010). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Mao et al. |
Early Eocene |
A member of Phenacolophidae (a group of archaic ungulate mammals of uncertain phylogenetic placement). The type species is Sanshuilophus zhaoi. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Korth & Evander |
Miocene (early Barstovian) |
A member of Talpidae, a species of Scalopoides. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Shockey, Billet & Salas-Gismondi |
Oligocene (Deseadan) |
A mesotheriid notoungulate, a species of Trachytherus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Solé et al. |
Latest Paleocene |
A basal member of Carnivoraformes, a species of Vassacyon. |
Other animals
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Vinn et al. |
Devonian (late Emsian) |
An annelid, possibly a polychaete. The type species is Annulitubus mutveii. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Koromyslova & Pakhnevich |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A bryozoan belonging to the group Ascophora and the family Tessaradomidae; a species of Beisselina. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
McLoughlin et al. |
Early Eocene |
A member of Clitellata of uncertain phylogenetic placement, described on the basis of fossilized cocoons; a species of Burejospermum. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
McLoughlin et al. |
Early Eocene |
A member of Clitellata of uncertain phylogenetic placement, described on the basis of fossilized cocoons; a species of Burejospermum. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge, a species of Camerospongia. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge, a species of Camerospongia. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge, a species of Cavispongia. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge, a species of Corallistes. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Vinn & Gutiérez-Marco |
Late Ordovician (probably late Sandbian) |
Probably Calapuja Formation |
A member of Cornulitida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Cornulites. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Vinn & Gutiérez-Marco |
Late Ordovician (Sandbian) |
A member of Cornulitida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Cornulites. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge. The type species is Coronispongia confossa. |
||||
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid[304] |
Martha & Taylor |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) |
A bryozoan belonging to the group Flustrina and the family Onychocellidae. The type species is Ehrhardina voigti; genus also includes Ehrhardina pikeae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge, a species of Hexactinella. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Ernst, Schäfer & Grant-Mackie |
Late Triassic |
A trepostome bryozoan. A new genus for "Stenodiscus" zealandicus Schäfer & Grant-Mackie (1994) and "Stenodiscus" kawhiae Schäfer & Grant-Mackie (1994). |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kruse & Hughes |
Cambrian |
A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Nganki. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Yang, Zhao & Zhang |
Cambrian |
A stem-group priapulid, a species of Ottoia. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Koromyslova & Pakhnevich |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A bryozoan belonging to the group Ascophora and the family Tessaradomidae; a species of Pachydermopora. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
McLoughlin et al. |
Early Eocene |
A member of Clitellata of uncertain phylogenetic placement, described on the basis of fossilized cocoons. The type species is Pegmatothylakos manumii. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge. The type species is Rigonia plicata. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Cameron |
Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) |
An acorn worm belonging to the family Harrimaniidae, a species of Saccoglossus. |
||||
Sarmentofascis zamparelliae[309] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schlagintweit, Frijia & Parente |
Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) |
A sponge, a species of Sarmentofascis. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
A sponge, a species of Stauractinella. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Carrera & Rustán |
Devonian (Lochkovian) |
A hexactinellid sponge. The type species is Talacastospongia minima. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid[300] |
Frisone, Pisera & Preto |
Eocene (early Lutetian) |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Peng et al. |
Cambrian |
A palaeoscolecid worm, a species of Wronascolex. |
Other organisms
Research
- Macroscopic fossils up to 30 cm long and nearly 8 cm wide are described from the 1,56-billion-year-old Gaoyuzhuang Formation (Yanshan area, North China) by Zhu et al. (2016), who interpret them as probable fossils of benthic multicellular eukaryotes of size that is unprecedentedly large for eukaryotes older than the Ediacaran Period.[312]
- Organic-walled microfossils (at least some of which are eukaryote fossils) with holes in the walls similar to those formed by predatory protists in the walls of their prey to consume the contents inside are described from the 780–740 million-year-old Chuar Group (Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA) by Porter (2016).[313]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu et al. |
Ordovician |
Tarim Basin |
A member of Cyanobacteria. The type species is Acuasiphonoria ordovica. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Harper et al. |
Carboniferous (late Viséan) |
An oomycete. The type species is Annelaurea excornis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Schopf, Sergeev & Kudryavtsev |
Early Cambrian |
The type species is Berkutaphycus elongatus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Schiøler |
Cretaceous (late Aptian–middle Cenomanian) |
East Coast Basin |
A dinoflagellate. The type species is Bianchina hieroglyphica. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Dornbos et al. |
Zuun-Arts Formation |
A multicellular benthic alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Chinggiskhaania bifurcata. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Du et al. |
A red alga. The type species is Cobios rubo. |
|||||
Gen. nov |
Valid |
Jovanovska et al. |
Quaternary |
A diatom. The type species is Cribrionella ohridana |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Granier & Dias-Brito |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A red alga belonging to the group Corallinophycidae, possibly a member of Rhodogorgonales; a species of Elianella. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Strother & Wellman |
Precambrian |
Cailleach Head Formation |
A member of Cyanobacteria belonging to the family Chroococcaceae. The type species is Eohalothece lacustrina. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu et al. |
Ordovician |
Tarim Basin |
A possible member of Cyanobacteria. The type species is Gomphosiphon xinjiangensis. |
|||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Abe, Tsutsui & Jordan |
Eocene |
A haptophyte belonging to the group Prymnesiales. |
||||
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid[325] |
Wan et al. |
Early Ediacaran |
An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement; might be a cnidarian (the possibility considered to be most likely by the authors of its description), or a macroalga. The type species is Lantianella laevis; genus also includes L. annularis. |
||||
Sp. nov |
In press |
Siver & Wolfe |
Eocene |
A synurophyte, a species of Mallomonas. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Pšenička & Krings |
Carboniferous (Gzhelian) |
An alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Perissothallus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[325] |
Wan et al. |
Early Ediacaran |
An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a cnidarian-grade animal. The type species is P. cyathiformis. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu et al. |
Ordovician |
Tarim Basin |
A possible member of Cyanobacteria, a species of Proaulopora. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[325] |
Wan et al. |
Early Ediacaran |
An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a cnidarian-grade animal. The type species is Q. fusiformis. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu et al. |
Ordovician |
Tarim Basin |
A microorganism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Rothpletzella. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Krings, Taylor & Martin |
Early Devonian |
A fungus of uncertain phylogenetic placement, showing similarities to members of the genera Macrochytrium (Chytridiomycota) and Blastocladiella (Blastocladiomycota). The type species is Trewinomyces annulifer. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[325] |
Wan et al. |
Early Ediacaran |
An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement; might be a worm-like animal or an alga. The type species is X. rara. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Dornbos et al. |
Zuun-Arts Formation |
A multicellular benthic alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Zuunartsphyton delicatum. |
References
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 314.0 314.1 314.2 314.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 318.0 318.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 324.0 324.1 324.2 324.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 325.0 325.1 325.2 325.3 http://zoobank.org/References/439795D9-4202-4D5C-9897-5F72D082CC78
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.