Kavishari
| Kavishari ਕਵੀਸ਼ਰੀ |
|
|---|---|
| Cultural origins | Punjab |
| Typical instruments | Usually without any instruments |
| Subgenres | |
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| Other topics | |
| Music of Punjab | |
Kavishari or kavishri (Punjabi: ਕਵੀਸ਼ਰੀ) is a style of Indian folk music entailing energetic and dynamic a capella singing.[1] It was originated in the Malwa region of Punjab as a sung form of "Chhand-Baddh" kavita (poetry)[1][2]
A performer or writer of kavishari is known as a kavishar (Punjabi: ਕਵੀਸ਼ਰ).[3] Kavishari is usually performed in melas, weddings, diwaans (religious functions), harvest celebrations (i.e. Visakhi) and mehfils etc.[4][5][6]
History
Kavishari was started/invented by the 10th Sikh Guru, "Guru Gobind Singh Sahib".[1] There was a need of a particular singing style or genre that can gave energy to the war-fighters. So the Kavishari was mostly sung about Bravery, known as Veer Ras, one of the nine Ras' (English: "flavour"/"subgenre") of the genre.[1]
Characteristics
Kavishar Word is Made of Two Words "Kavi+Shayar", Where Kavi Means Singer and Shayar Means Writer. So Kavishar Means Who Writes and Sing the Kavishari(Poetry). Kavishari is based on vocal and wording/lyrics. Singing style is its voice, Chhand is its body and the Ras (flavour) is its soul.[7] Many kind of Chhands are used in kavishari. A noted kavishar of Punjab, Babu Rajab Ali, used some rare Chhands like Manohar Bhavani Chhand[8] and gave some new Chhands like Bahattar Kala Chhand to kavishari as well as Punjabi literature.[9]
There are nine accepted Ras as (subgenres) of kavishari, out of which the most commonly known four are:
- Veer Ras (Heroic)
- Shant Ras (Soulful or peaceful)
- Vairag Ras (Mystic)
- Haas Ras (Comic)
It was the Veer Ras that is most commonly sung today and specially for the need of which the genre was created.
Notable kavishars
Notable kavishars includes:
- Malwa's kavishar
- Babu Rajab Ali[2]
- Karnail Singh Paras
- Bhai Bhagwan Singh (Mehraj Wale)
- Gurdev Singh Sahoke
- Kishor Chand (Baddowali)
- Sukhwinder Singh Sutantar (Pakka Kalan)
- Kavishar Harnam Singh freedom fighter(Ghanauli Dist: Ropar)
Kavisher bhupinder singh buraj duns ☆ kavisher paramjit Singh anandpur sahib
- Bapu Bali Singh Gadiwind
- Gurdial Singh
- P. Mohan Singh
- Jarnail Singh Sabhra
- Joga Singh Jogi[10]
- Gurmukh Singh Johal
- Dalbir Singh Gill
- Jagir Singh Mast
Bapu Bali Singh is known to be the father of the kavishari of Majha and Joga Singh Jogi is one of notable kavishars of Majha.[7]
See also
References
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